Nguyen-Hoang Yen, Nguyen-Thi-Dieu Thuy, Duong-Quy Sy
Department of Pediatrics, Phu Tho General Hospital, Phu Tho Province.
Department of Pediatrics, Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi.
J Asthma Allergy. 2017 Oct 12;10:285-292. doi: 10.2147/JAA.S147005. eCollection 2017.
The obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common respiratory disorder in children, especially those at preschool and school ages. This study aimed to describe the characteristics of asthmatic children with OSA and the symptoms for a high risk of OSA.
It was a prospective and descriptive study. The data of asthmatic children including medical history, clinical examination, blood tests, spirometry, exhaled nitric oxide (NO), and respiratory polygraphy were registered for analyses.
Eighty-five asthmatic children with a mean age of 9.5 ± 2.1 years were included. The prevalence of OSA was 65.9% (56/85) in study subjects. The prevalence of severe OSA in children with moderate asthma was significantly higher than intermittent and mild asthma. The percentage of asthmatic children with OSA who had snoring, sleep disturbance, and nocturnal sweats was significantly higher than that of asthmatic children without OSA (48.2% vs 17.2%, 71.4% vs 27.5%, and 55.1% vs 31.0%, respectively). The presence of allergic rhinitis and snoring was associated significantly with a high probability for the presence of OSA.
Children with asthma have a risk of OSA. Asthmatic children with suggested symptoms such as snoring or waking up at night should be screened for OSA.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）是儿童常见的呼吸系统疾病，尤其是学龄前和学龄儿童。本研究旨在描述合并OSA的哮喘儿童的特征以及OSA高风险症状。
这是一项前瞻性描述性研究。记录哮喘儿童的病史、临床检查、血液检查、肺功能测定、呼出一氧化氮（NO）及呼吸多导记录等数据进行分析。
纳入85例平均年龄为9.5±2.1岁的哮喘儿童。研究对象中OSA患病率为65.9%（56/85）。中度哮喘儿童中重度OSA的患病率显著高于间歇性和轻度哮喘儿童。合并OSA的哮喘儿童出现打鼾、睡眠障碍和夜间盗汗的比例显著高于未合并OSA的哮喘儿童（分别为48.2%对17.2%、71.4%对27.5%、55.1%对31.0%）。变应性鼻炎和打鼾的存在与OSA的高发生率显著相关。
哮喘儿童有患OSA的风险。对于有打鼾或夜间醒来等提示症状的哮喘儿童，应进行OSA筛查。
