Mollahosseini Mehdi, Shab-Bidar Sakineh, Rahimi Mohammad Hossein, Djafarian Kurosh
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Clin Nutr ESPEN. 2017 Aug;20:34-40. doi: 10.1016/j.clnesp.2017.04.002. Epub 2017 May 8.
Specific components of dairy, such as whey proteins may have beneficial effects on body composition by suppressing appetite, although the findings of existing studies have been inconsistent. Therefore, a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials was performed to investigate effect of whey protein supplementation on long and short term appetite. A systematic search was conducted to identify eligible publications. Means and SDs for hunger, fullness, satiety, desire to eat and prospective consumption of food, before and after intervention, were extracted and then composite appetite score (CAS) calculated. To pool data, either a fixed-effects model or a random-effects model and for assessing heterogeneity, Cochran's Q and I tests were used. Eight publications met inclusion criteria that 5 records were on short term and 3 records on long term appetite. The meta-analysis showed a significant reduction in long term appetite by 4.13 mm in combined appetite score (CAS) (95% Confidence interval (CI): -6.57, -1.96; p = 0.001). No significant reduction in short term appetite was also seen (Mean difference (MD) = -0.39 95% CI = -2.07, 1.30; p = 0.653). Subgroup analyses by time showed that compared with carbohydrate, the reduction in appetite following consumption of whey consumption was not significant (MD = -0.39, 95% CI = -2.07, 1.3, p = 0.65, I = 0.0%.)A significant reduction in prospective food consumption was seen (MD = -2.17, 95% CI = -3.86, -0.48). The results of our meta-analysis showed that whey protein may reduce the long and short term appetite, but our finding did not show any significant difference in appetite reduction between whey protein and carbohydrate in short duration.
乳制品的某些特定成分，如乳清蛋白，可能通过抑制食欲对身体成分产生有益影响，尽管现有研究结果并不一致。因此，进行了一项随机对照试验的荟萃分析，以研究补充乳清蛋白对短期和长期食欲的影响。进行了系统检索以确定符合条件的出版物。提取干预前后饥饿、饱腹感、饱足感、进食欲望和预期食物摄入量的均值和标准差，然后计算综合食欲评分（CAS）。为汇总数据，使用固定效应模型或随机效应模型，并使用Cochran's Q和I检验评估异质性。八项出版物符合纳入标准，其中五项记录涉及短期食欲，三项记录涉及长期食欲。荟萃分析显示，综合食欲评分（CAS）中，长期食欲显著降低4.13毫米（95%置信区间（CI）：-6.57，-1.96；p = 0.001）。短期食欲也未出现显著降低（平均差（MD）=-0.39，95% CI = -2.07，1.30；p = 0.653）。按时间进行的亚组分析表明，与碳水化合物相比，食用乳清后食欲的降低并不显著（MD = -0.39，95% CI = -2.07，1.3，p = 0.65，I = 0.0%）。预期食物摄入量显著降低（MD = -2.17，95% CI = -3.86，-0.48）。我们的荟萃分析结果表明，乳清蛋白可能会降低短期和长期食欲，但我们的研究结果并未显示在短时间内乳清蛋白和碳水化合物在食欲降低方面有任何显著差异。
