Department of Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Guangzhou Institute of Respiratory Disease, State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
Department of Paediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.
Allergy. 2018 Mar;73(3):585-592. doi: 10.1111/all.13341. Epub 2017 Dec 12.
Little is known about the prevalence of food allergy (FA) in China. The aim of this study was to investigate the disparity of FA between urban and rural areas in southern China.
EuroPrevall questionnaire responses were obtained from 5542 school-age children in urban Guangzhou and 5319 in rural Shaoguan. A case-control study enrolled 190 children with adverse reactions (ARs) after food intake as cases and 212 controls in Guangzhou, whereas 116 cases and 233 controls in Shaoguan. These subjects underwent skin prick test (SPT) and serum IgE measurements to food and inhalant allergens. Allergen extracts from shrimp, house dust mite (HDM), and cockroach were prepared for IgE cross-reactivity testing in 23 Guangzhou and 20 Shaoguan shrimp-sensitized subjects.
The prevalence of ARs to shrimp was higher in Guangzhou than in Shaoguan children (3.5% vs 1.4%, P < .001). However, sensitization rate to shrimp (SPT: 3.7% vs 11.2%, P = .015; IgE: 12.6% vs 36.2%, P < .001) and cockroach (SPT: 5.3% vs 33.5%; IgE: 2.6% vs 27.6%, P < .001) was lower in Guangzhou. A significant correlation between shrimp and HDM/cockroach IgE was found in Shaoguan children. The proportions of positive IgE to tropomyosin (Pen a 1, Der p 10) were lower than 7.4% in both areas. Cockroach allergen has a significantly higher inhibition rate of binding to IgE to house dust mite allergens in Shaoguan sera.
Shrimp is a common allergic food in southern China. Higher proportion of shrimp sensitization in rural subjects could be explained by cross-reactivity to cockroach. Tropomyosin was not a major allergen responding to the cross-reactivity.
在中国，食物过敏（FA）的流行情况知之甚少。本研究旨在调查中国南方城乡 FA 的差异。
从广州市城区的 5542 名学龄儿童和韶关市农村的 5319 名儿童中获得了 EuroPrevall 问卷的应答。在广州市，对 190 名有食物摄入后不良反应（AR）的儿童进行了病例对照研究，其中 116 名为病例，233 名为对照；在韶关市，对 116 名病例和 233 名对照进行了研究。这些受试者进行了皮肤点刺试验（SPT）和血清 IgE 测量，以检测食物和吸入性过敏原。对 23 名广州和 20 名韶关虾过敏的儿童进行了虾、屋尘螨（HDM）和蟑螂过敏原提取物的 IgE 交叉反应性检测。
广州市儿童对虾的 AR 发生率高于韶关市（3.5% vs. 1.4%，P <.001）。然而，虾的致敏率（SPT：3.7% vs. 11.2%，P =.015；IgE：12.6% vs. 36.2%，P <.001）和蟑螂（SPT：5.3% vs. 33.5%；IgE：2.6% vs. 27.6%，P <.001）较低。在韶关市儿童中，发现虾与 HDM/蟑螂 IgE 之间存在显著相关性。在两个地区，对 tropomyosin（Pen a 1、Der p 10）的 IgE 阳性比例均低于 7.4%。蟑螂过敏原对屋尘螨过敏原 IgE 的结合抑制率明显较高。
虾是中国南方常见的过敏食物。农村地区人群对虾的致敏率较高，可能与蟑螂的交叉反应有关。tropomyosin 不是对交叉反应有反应的主要过敏原。
