Cornejo Del Río V, Mostaza J, Lahoz C, Sánchez-Arroyo V, Sabín C, López S, Patrón P, Fernández-García P, Fernández-Puntero B, Vicent D, Montesano-Sánchez L, García-Iglesias F, González-Alegre T, Estirado E, Laguna F, de Burgos-Lunar C, Gómez-Campelo P, Abanades-Herranz J C, de Miguel-Yanes J M, Salinero-Fort M A
Hospital Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.
Grupo de Investigación en cuidados IdIPAZ, Hospital La Paz, Madrid, Spain.
PLoS One. 2017 Oct 26;12(10):e0186220. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0186220. eCollection 2017.
To describe the prevalence of Peripheral Artery Disease (PAD) in a random population sample and to evaluate its relationship with Mediterranean diet and with other potential cardiovascular risk factors such as serum uric acid and pulse pressure in individuals ranged 45 to 74 years.
Cross-sectional analysis of 1568 subjects (mean age 6.5 years, 43% males), randomly selected from the population. A fasting blood sample was obtained to determine glucose, lipids, and HbA1C levels. An oral glucose tolerance test was performed in non-diabetic subjects. PAD was evaluated by ankle-brachial index and/or having a prior diagnosis.
PAD prevalence was 3.81% (95% CI, 2.97-4.87) for all participants. In men, PAD prevalence was significantly higher than in women [5.17% (95% CI, 3.74-7.11) vs. 2.78% (95% CI, 1.89-4.07); p = 0.014]. Serum uric acid in the upper quartile was associated with the highest odds ratio (OR) of PAD (for uric acid > 6.1 mg/dl, OR = 4.31; 95% CI, 1.49-12.44). The remaining variables more strongly associated with PAD were: Heart rate >90 bpm (OR = 4.16; 95%CI, 1.62-10.65), pulse pressure in the upper quartile (≥ 54 mmHg) (OR = 3.82; 95%CI, 1.50-9.71), adherence to Mediterranean diet (OR = 2.73; 95% CI, 1.48-5.04), and former smoker status (OR = 2.04; 95%CI, 1.00-4.16).
Our results show the existence of a low prevalence of peripheral artery disease in a population aged 45-74 years. Serum uric acid, pulse pressure and heart rate >90 bpm were strongly associated with peripheral artery disease. The direct association between Mediterranean diet and peripheral artery disease that we have found should be evaluated through a follow-up study under clinical practice conditions.
描述随机人群样本中周围动脉疾病（PAD）的患病率，并评估其与地中海饮食以及其他潜在心血管危险因素（如血清尿酸和脉压）在45至74岁个体中的关系。
对从人群中随机选取的1568名受试者（平均年龄6.5岁，43%为男性）进行横断面分析。采集空腹血样以测定血糖、血脂和糖化血红蛋白水平。对非糖尿病受试者进行口服葡萄糖耐量试验。通过踝臂指数和/或既往诊断评估PAD。
所有参与者的PAD患病率为3.81%（95%可信区间，2.97 - 4.87）。男性的PAD患病率显著高于女性[5.17%（95%可信区间，3.74 - 7.11）对2.78%（95%可信区间，1.89 - 4.07）；p = 0.014]。血清尿酸处于上四分位数与PAD的最高比值比（OR）相关（尿酸>6.1mg/dl时，OR = 4.31；95%可信区间，1.49 - 12.44）。与PAD关联更强的其余变量为：心率>90次/分钟（OR = 4.16；95%可信区间，1.62 - 10.65）、脉压处于上四分位数（≥54mmHg）（OR = 3.82；95%可信区间，1.50 - 9.71）、坚持地中海饮食（OR = 2.73；95%可信区间，1.48 - 5.04）以及既往吸烟状态（OR = 2.04；95%可信区间，1.00 - 4.16）。
我们的结果显示，在45 - 74岁人群中周围动脉疾病患病率较低。血清尿酸、脉压和心率>90次/分钟与周围动脉疾病密切相关。我们发现的地中海饮食与周围动脉疾病之间的直接关联应通过临床实践条件下的随访研究进行评估。
