Centre for Special Needs Education and Youth Care, University of Groningen, Grote Rozenstraat 38, 9712 TJ, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Clin Child Fam Psychol Rev. 2018 Mar;21(1):1-12. doi: 10.1007/s10567-017-0246-1.
Family foster care deeply influences the needs of children and how these are satisfied. To increase our knowledge of foster children's needs and how these are conceptualized, this paper presents a systematic literature review. Sixty-four empirical articles from six databases were reviewed and categorized (inter-rater agreement K = .78) into four categories: medical, belongingness, psychological and self-actualization needs. The results give a complete overview of needs that are specific to foster children, and what can be implemented to satisfy these needs. This study shows psychological needs are studied more often compared to the other categories, which specially relates to much attention for mental health problems. Furthermore, most articles focus on how to satisfy the needs of foster children and provide no definition or concrete conceptualization of needs. Strikingly, many articles focus on children's problems instead of their needs, and some even use these terms interchangeably. This review illustrates that future research should employ a proper conceptualization of needs, which could also initiate a shift in thinking about needs instead of problems.
家庭寄养深刻影响着儿童的需求以及这些需求的满足方式。为了增进我们对寄养儿童需求的了解，以及这些需求是如何被概念化的，本文进行了一次系统的文献回顾。从六个数据库中检索到 64 篇实证文章，并进行了分类（评分者间一致性 K=0.78），分为四类：医疗需求、归属感需求、心理需求和自我实现需求。研究结果全面概述了寄养儿童的特殊需求，以及可以采取哪些措施来满足这些需求。与其他类别相比，本研究表明，心理需求更受关注，这与心理健康问题的高度重视密切相关。此外，大多数文章都集中在如何满足寄养儿童的需求上，没有对需求进行定义或具体的概念化。引人注目的是，许多文章关注的是儿童的问题，而不是他们的需求，有些文章甚至将这两个术语互换使用。本次综述表明，未来的研究应该对需求进行适当的概念化，这也可以促使人们从关注问题转变为关注需求。
