State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, School of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences , Wuhan 430074, China.
State Key Laboratory of Environmental Geochemistry, Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Guiyang 550081, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Nov 21;51(22):13502-13508. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.7b04119. Epub 2017 Nov 9.
Lead (Pb) pollution emission from China is becoming a potential worldwide threat. Pb isotopic composition analysis is a useful tool to accurately trace the Pb sources of aerosols in atmosphere. In this study, a comprehensive data set of Pb isotopes for coals, Pb/Zn ores, and fuels from China was presented. The ratios of Pb/Pb and Pb/Pb in the coals were in the range of 1.114-1.383 and 1.791-2.317, similar to those from Europe, Oceania, and South Asia, but different from those from America (p < 0.01). The Pb/Zn ores had Pb/Pb and Pb/Pb in 1.020-1.183 and 2.088-2.309, less radiogenic than the coals. Leaded gasolines showed similar Pb isotopic compositions to Pb/Zn ores, with unleaded gasolines and diesels being mixed sources. The average Pb isotopic ratios of gasolines and diesels were significantly different (p < 0.01) from those of coals in China, leading to the possibility to discriminate Pb in fuels from in coals. Urban aerosols demonstrated similar Pb isotopic compositions to coals, Pb/Zn ores, and fuels in China. After removing the leaded gasoline, the Pb in aerosols is more radiogenic, supporting the heavy contribution of coal combustion to the atmospheric Pb pollution.
中国的铅（Pb）污染排放正成为全球潜在的威胁。铅同位素组成分析是一种准确追踪大气气溶胶中 Pb 来源的有用工具。本研究提供了中国煤炭、铅锌矿和燃料的 Pb 同位素综合数据集。这些煤炭的 Pb/Pb 和 Pb/Pb 比值在 1.114-1.383 和 1.791-2.317 之间，与欧洲、大洋洲和南亚的相似，但与美洲的不同（p<0.01）。这些铅锌矿的 Pb/Pb 和 Pb/Pb 比值在 1.020-1.183 和 2.088-2.309 之间，比煤炭的放射性低。含铅汽油的 Pb 同位素组成与铅锌矿相似，而无铅汽油和柴油则是混合来源。汽油和柴油的平均 Pb 同位素比值与中国的煤炭有显著差异（p<0.01），这使得有可能区分燃料中的 Pb 和煤炭中的 Pb。城市气溶胶与中国的煤炭、铅锌矿和燃料具有相似的 Pb 同位素组成。在去除含铅汽油后，气溶胶中的 Pb 具有更高的放射性，支持了煤炭燃烧对大气 Pb 污染的重要贡献。
