Department of Poultry Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843.
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716.
Poult Sci. 2018 Jan 1;97(1):203-210. doi: 10.3382/ps/pex290.
A study was conducted to evaluate the influence of the purification of yeast cell wall (YCW) preparations on broiler performance and immunogenic and metabolic pathways under microbial challenge. A total of 240 (day old) chicks were distributed among two battery brooder units (48 pens; 5 birds/pen; 8 replicates/treatment). A basal starter diet was divided into 5 batches to create 6 dietary treatments; non-challenge (NCh-C) and challenge (Ch-C) controls, semi-purified YCW containing cytosol contents (SPYCW; 250 mg/kg), purified YCW (PYCW; 250 mg/kg), 50% purified beta-glucan (BG; 130 mg/kg), and 99.9% purified mannan-oligosaccharide (MOS; 53 mg/kg). All birds were immunocompromised with infectious bursal disease vaccine (10× the recommended dose) on day 10 and then all birds except NCh-C birds were challenged with Clostridium perfringens (Cp) (107 cfu/mL) via oral gavage on days 16 and 17. On day 21, tissue samples were collected from the jejunum and duodenum for analysis with chicken-specific, peptide arrays to study the influence of YCW supplementation on immune and metabolic kinase pathways. On day 16, SPYCW had significantly lower body weight (BW) and weight gain (WG) than other treatments except BG (P < 0.05). The productivity index (PI) was lower in SPYCW and BG than in NCh-C, Ch-C, and PYCW. On day 21, after the Cp challenge, NCh-C was higher than Ch-C, SPYCW, and BG in BW, WG, and PI (P = 0.03). The PI of PYCW was similar to NCh-C. The addition of purified YCW to the starter broiler diets influenced the immune and metabolic pathways in the gut. A total of 459 and 367 peptides in the duodenum and jejunum, respectively, were changed due to the Cp challenge. The YCW treatments had different degrees of influence on these peptides for both the duodenum and jejunum. These results suggest that relative purification of YCW and specific fractions of the YCW can influence broiler performance differently during microbial challenges and can alleviate the impact of these stressors.
进行了一项研究，以评估酵母细胞壁（YCW）制剂的净化对微生物挑战下肉鸡生产性能、免疫和代谢途径的影响。将 240 只（1 日龄）小鸡分配到两个电池育雏器单元（48 个笼子；每笼 5 只鸡；每处理 8 个重复）。基础起始饲料分为 5 批，制成 6 种饲粮处理；非挑战（NCh-C）和挑战（Ch-C）对照组、含有胞质内容物的半纯化 YCW（SPYCW；250mg/kg）、纯化 YCW（PYCW；250mg/kg）、50%纯化β-葡聚糖（BG；130mg/kg）和 99.9%纯化甘露寡糖（MOS；53mg/kg）。所有小鸡在第 10 天用传染性法氏囊病疫苗（推荐剂量的 10 倍）免疫抑制，然后除 NCh-C 组外，所有小鸡在第 16 和 17 天通过口服灌胃用产气荚膜梭菌（Cp）（107cfu/mL）攻毒。第 21 天，从空肠和十二指肠采集组织样品，用鸡特异性肽阵列进行分析，研究 YCW 补充对免疫和代谢激酶途径的影响。第 16 天，SPYCW 的体重（BW）和增重（WG）低于除 BG 以外的其他处理（P＜0.05）。SPYCW 和 BG 的生产指数（PI）低于 NCh-C、Ch-C 和 PYCW。第 21 天，Cp 攻毒后，NCh-C 的 BW、WG 和 PI 高于 Ch-C、SPYCW 和 BG（P=0.03）。PYCW 的 PI 与 NCh-C 相似。在起始肉鸡饲粮中添加纯化 YCW 会影响肠道中的免疫和代谢途径。Cp 攻毒后，空肠和十二指肠分别有 459 个和 367 个肽发生变化。YCW 处理对这两个肠段的这些肽都有不同程度的影响。这些结果表明，YCW 的相对纯化和 YCW 的特定组分在微生物挑战期间可以不同程度地影响肉鸡的生产性能，并减轻这些应激源的影响。
