Jeon Hyun Woo, Sung Sook Whan
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Bucheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
J Vis Surg. 2016 Nov 7;2:165. doi: 10.21037/jovs.2016.10.03. eCollection 2016.
Esophageal cancer is the malignant tumor arising from the esophagus and has a poor prognosis. Squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma are the main subtypes of esophageal cancer with different risk factors. In the early stage, surgical resection is the most curative treatment modality. However, the procedure is considered an advanced and technically demanding surgery because esophageal cancer surgery includes esophagectomy, lymph node dissection, and a creation of esophageal conduit. Stomach is the commonest organ for the esophageal substitute. In open procedures, pulmonary complications and anastomotic failure are the most severe problems. Minimally invasive esophagectomy (MIE) has been introduced to decrease the postoperative pulmonary complications, but anastomotic failure remains a serious issue because of the extra-anatomical anastomosis between the esophagus and the conduit in the thorax or the neck.
食管癌是起源于食管的恶性肿瘤，预后较差。鳞状细胞癌和腺癌是食管癌的主要亚型，具有不同的危险因素。在早期，手术切除是最具治愈性的治疗方式。然而，该手术被认为是一种高级且技术要求高的手术，因为食管癌手术包括食管切除术、淋巴结清扫术以及食管管道的构建。胃是最常用的食管替代器官。在开放手术中，肺部并发症和吻合口失败是最严重的问题。微创食管切除术（MIE）已被引入以减少术后肺部并发症，但由于食管与胸部或颈部管道之间的非解剖学吻合，吻合口失败仍然是一个严重问题。
