Laboratorio de Neurociencias, Facultad de Medicina, Departamento de Neurología, P. Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Sótero del Río, Santiago, Chile.
Adv Exp Med Biol. 2017;1015:1-15. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-62817-2_1.
"Neural plasticity" refers to the capacity of the nervous system to modify itself, functionally and structurally, in response to experience and injury. As the various chapters in this volume show, plasticity is a key component of neural development and normal functioning of the nervous system, as well as a response to the changing environment, aging, or pathological insult. This chapter discusses how plasticity is necessary not only for neural networks to acquire new functional properties, but also for them to remain robust and stable. The article also reviews the seminal proposals developed over the years that have driven experiments and strongly influenced concepts of neural plasticity.
“神经可塑性”是指神经系统能够根据经验和损伤来改变自身的功能和结构。正如本卷的各个章节所展示的，可塑性是神经发育和神经系统正常功能的关键组成部分，也是对不断变化的环境、衰老或病理损伤的反应。本章讨论了可塑性不仅对于神经网络获得新的功能特性是必要的，而且对于它们保持稳健和稳定也是必要的。本文还回顾了多年来提出的开创性建议，这些建议推动了实验，并强烈影响了神经可塑性的概念。
