Martínez-Rondán F J, Ruiz de Ybáñez M R, Tizzani P, López-Beceiro A M, Fidalgo L E, Martínez-Carrasco C
Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Department of Animal Health, Regional Campus of International Excellence "Campus Mare Nostrum", University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain.
Vet Parasitol. 2017 Nov 30;247:93-99. doi: 10.1016/j.vetpar.2017.10.004. Epub 2017 Oct 10.
The American mink (Neovison vison) is a mustelid native to North America that was introduced in Europe and the former USSR for fur farming. Throughout the last century, accidental or deliberate escapes of mink from farms caused the establishment of stable feral populations. In fact, the American mink is considered an invasive alien species in 28 European countries. The present study evaluates the gastrointestinal and cardiopulmonary helminth fauna of the American mink in Galicia (NW Spain) to understand its role as a potential reservoir for parasites affecting other autochthonous mustelids. In the period 2008-2014, fifty American mink (35 males and 15 females) of different ages (22 immature and 28 adults) from the provinces of Lugo, Ourense and Pontevedra were captured and sacrificed. Eight parasite species were found (6 nematodes and 2 trematodes) with the following prevalences: Molineus patens (68%), Aonchotheca putorii (54%), Crenosoma melesi (10%), Aonchotheca annulosa (8%), Angiostrongylus daskalovi (6%), Aelurostrongylus spp. (2%), Troglotrema acutum (2%) and an unidentified trematode (2%). Eighty-two per cent of the mink harboured helminths, including 15 animals (30%) infected by only one parasite species, 19 (38%) by two species, 5 (10%) by three species and 2 mink (4%) by four species. All helminth species identified are native to European mustelids. Statistical models were used to evaluate if animal characteristics (age, sex and weight), date and capture area influenced the prevalence, intensity or parasite richness. Statistical differences were detected only in models for intensity of M. patens, A. putorii and C. melesi. This is the first report of Angiostrongylus daskalovi, a cardiopulmonary nematode, and A. annulosa, a gastrointestinal nematode specific of rodents, in American mink. Moreover, although the fluke T. acutum has already been cited in American mink, to our knowledge, the present study represents the first report of this trematode in the lung.
美洲水貂（Neovison vison）是一种原产于北美的鼬科动物，为了毛皮养殖而被引入欧洲和前苏联。在过去的一个世纪里，水貂意外或被故意从养殖场放走，导致了稳定的野生种群的建立。事实上，美洲水貂在28个欧洲国家被视为外来入侵物种。本研究评估了西班牙西北部加利西亚地区美洲水貂的胃肠道和心肺蠕虫区系，以了解其作为影响其他本地鼬科动物的寄生虫潜在宿主的作用。在2008年至2014年期间，从卢戈、奥伦塞和蓬特韦德拉省捕获并宰杀了50只不同年龄（22只未成熟个体和28只成年个体）的美洲水貂（35只雄性和15只雌性）。发现了8种寄生虫（6种线虫和2种吸虫），其感染率如下：派氏莫尼线虫（Molineus patens，68%）、水貂管圆线虫（Aonchotheca putorii，54%）、梅氏并殖吸虫（Crenosoma melesi，10%）、环纹管圆线虫（Aonchotheca annulosa，8%）、达斯卡洛维血管圆线虫（Angiostrongylus daskalovi，6%）、猫圆线虫属（Aelurostrongylus spp.，2%）、尖锐前殖吸虫（Troglotrema acutum，2%）和一种未鉴定的吸虫（2%）。82%的水貂体内有蠕虫，其中15只动物（30%）仅感染一种寄生虫，19只（38%）感染两种，5只（10%）感染三种，2只水貂（4%）感染四种。所有鉴定出的蠕虫物种均原产于欧洲鼬科动物。使用统计模型来评估动物特征（年龄、性别和体重）、日期和捕获区域是否会影响感染率、感染强度或寄生虫丰富度。仅在派氏莫尼线虫、水貂管圆线虫和梅氏并殖吸虫感染强度的模型中检测到统计学差异。这是达斯卡洛维血管圆线虫（一种心肺线虫）和环纹管圆线虫（一种啮齿动物特有的胃肠道线虫）在美洲水貂中的首次报道。此外，尽管尖锐前殖吸虫已在美洲水貂中被提及，但据我们所知，本研究是该吸虫在肺部的首次报道。
