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[中学教师的亚健康状况及其与职业压力的相关性分析]

[Sub-health status of middle school teachers and its correlation analysis with occupational stress].

作者信息

Chang W J, Shao H M, Zhi X Y, Xu J, Xie J

机构信息

Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.

出版信息

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi. 2017 Aug 20;35(8):585-588. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.1001-9391.2017.08.007.

Abstract

To study the distribution of sub-health and occupational stress as well as their correlation among middle school teachers in Tianjin, then provide evidences for prevention and control of the status of sub-health. A total of 3 522 middle school teachers from six districts of Tianjin were recruited with stratified cluster sampling strategy for the investigation of Sub-Health Measurement Scale version 1.0 (SHMS V1.0) and Occupational Stress Inventory-Revised Edition (OSI-R) . Detection rate of sub-health status among Tianjin middle school teachers was 58.55%. Men had significantly lower sub-health detection rate (55.19%) than women (59.71%) . Sub-health detection rate increased with age (<0.05) , the sub-health detection rate among middle school teachers more than 50 years old was the highest (66.84%) . The mean score of OSI-R was 403.18±41.80 with the scores of 176.00±21.05, 103.17±17.53, and 124.02±20.28 for ORQ, PSQ, PRQ, respectively, which showed significantly difference compared with the occupational stress norm of China (<0.001) . The mean scores of OSI-R, ORQ, PSQ, PRQ in different health status were significantly different (<0.001) . The partial correlation analysis between the scores of sub-health and occupational stress of middle school teachers showed that the scores of occupational role and personal strain were negatively correlated with the scores of sub-health state (< 0.001) , while, there was significantly positive correlation between the scores of personal resource and the scores of sub-health state (<0.001) . Sub-health detection rate of middle school teachers in Tianjin is higher. Effective measures should be taken to appropriately mitigate the occupational stress level of middle school teachers, increase personal resources, and scientific and effective health guidance and education should be strengthened.

摘要

为研究天津市中学教师亚健康及职业压力的分布情况及其相关性,为亚健康状况的防控提供依据。采用分层整群抽样方法,对天津市六区3522名中学教师进行亚健康测评量表1.0版(SHMS V1.0)和职业压力问卷修订版(OSI-R)调查。天津市中学教师亚健康检出率为58.55%。男性亚健康检出率(55.19%)显著低于女性(59.71%)。亚健康检出率随年龄增长而升高(P<0.05),50岁及以上中学教师亚健康检出率最高(66.84%)。OSI-R量表总均分403.18±41.80,其中角色紧张(ORQ)均分176.00±21.05、职业任务(PSQ)均分103.17±17.53、个体紧张反应(PRQ)均分124.02±20.28,与中国职业人群常模比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。不同健康状况的中学教师OSI-R量表及各维度均分差异有统计学意义(P<0.001)。中学教师亚健康与职业压力得分的偏相关分析显示:职业角色、个体紧张反应得分与亚健康状态得分呈负相关(P<0.001),个人资源得分与亚健康状态得分呈正相关(P<0.001)。天津市中学教师亚健康检出率较高,应采取有效措施适度缓解中学教师职业压力水平,增加个人资源,加强科学有效的健康指导与教育。

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