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制止垃圾邮件!会议伦理与后真相科学中的潜台词解码。丹尼斯·狄德罗会怎么说?

Stop the Spam! Conference Ethics and Decoding the Subtext in Post-Truth Science. What Would Denis Diderot Say?

机构信息

1 Independent Writer and Researcher, Innovation in Global Governance for Science, Technology and Health, Toronto, Ontario, Canada .

2 School of Biotechnology, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham (Amrita University) , Kerala, India .

出版信息

OMICS. 2017 Nov;21(11):658-664. doi: 10.1089/omi.2017.0150. Epub 2017 Oct 30.

Abstract

Science and its practice always had a subtext, subject to influence by scientists', funders', and other innovation actors' values and assumptions. The recent emergence of post-truth, authoritarian and populist penchants, in both developed and developing countries, has further blurred the already fluid boundaries between material scientific facts and their social construction/shaping by scientific subtext, human values, powers, and hegemony. While there are certain checks, balances, and oversight mechanisms for publication ethics, other pillars of science communication, most notably, scientific conferences and their governance, are ill prepared for post-truth science. Worrisomely, the proliferation of spam conferences is a major cause for concern for integrative biology and postgenomic science. The current gaps in conference ethics are important beyond science communication because conferences help build legitimacy of emerging technologies and frontiers of science and, thus, bestows upon the organizers, funders, enlisted scientific advisors, speakers, among others, power, which in turn needs to be checked. Denis Diderot (1713-1784), a prominent intellectual during the Enlightenment period, has aptly observed that the very act of organizing brings about power, influence, and control. If the subtext of conference practices is left unchecked, it can pave the way for hegemony, and yet more volatile and violent authoritarian governance systems in science and society. This begs for innovative solutions to increase accountability, resilience, and capacity of technology experts and scientists to discern and decode the subtext in science and its communication in the current post-truth world. We propose that the existing undergraduate and graduate programs in life and physical sciences and medicine could be redesigned to include a rotation for exposure to and training in political science. Such innovative PhD+ programs straddling technical and political science scholarship would best equip future students and citizens to grasp and respond to subtext and embedded opaque value and power systems in scientific practices in an increasingly post-truth world. Political science scholarship unpacks the inner workings, subtext, and power dynamics in science and society. Thus, knowledge of political science competency is akin to molecular biology in life sciences. Both make the invisible (e.g., cell biology versus subtext of knowledge) visible. The ability to read subtext in science and claims of post-truth knowledge is a new and essential form of societal literacy in 21 century science and integrative biology.

摘要

科学及其实践一直存在潜台词,受到科学家、资助者和其他创新者的价值观和假设的影响。在发达国家和发展中国家,后真相、威权主义和民粹主义倾向的最近出现,进一步模糊了物质科学事实与其社会建构/塑造之间的本来就模糊的界限,这些社会建构/塑造受到科学潜台词、人类价值观、权力和霸权的影响。虽然出版伦理有一定的制衡和监督机制,但科学传播的其他支柱,尤其是科学会议及其治理,还没有为后真相科学做好准备。令人担忧的是,垃圾会议的泛滥是综合生物学和后基因组科学的一个主要关注点。会议伦理方面的当前差距不仅在科学传播方面很重要,还因为会议有助于为新兴技术和科学前沿建立合法性,从而赋予组织者、资助者、应征的科学顾问、演讲者等权力,而这些权力反过来需要受到制衡。启蒙运动时期的杰出思想家丹尼斯·狄德罗(Denis Diderot,1713-1784 年)曾恰当地指出,组织本身的行为就会带来权力、影响和控制。如果会议实践的潜台词得不到检查,它可能会为霸权以及更不稳定和暴力的科学和社会威权主义治理系统铺平道路。这就需要创新的解决方案来提高技术专家和科学家的问责制、适应力和能力,以辨别和解读当前后真相世界中的科学及其传播中的潜台词。我们建议对生命和物理科学以及医学的现有本科和研究生课程进行重新设计,纳入政治学的学习和培训。这种跨越技术和政治学奖学金的创新博士+课程将使未来的学生和公民能够更好地掌握和应对后真相世界中科学实践中的潜台词和隐含的不透明价值和权力系统。政治学奖学金揭示了科学和社会中的内部运作、潜台词和权力动态。因此,对政治学能力的了解就像生命科学中的分子生物学一样。两者都使无形的(例如,细胞生物学与知识的潜台词)变得可见。在后真相知识中阅读科学潜台词的能力是 21 世纪科学和综合生物学中一种新的、必不可少的社会文化素养形式。

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