Cao Wei, Cheng Wenfang, Wu Wei
Translational Medical Center, Zhengzhou Central Hospital, Affiliated to Zhengzhou University, 195 Tongbai Road, Zhengzhou, 450007, People's Republic of China.
Department of Gastroenterology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, Jiangsu Province, China.
Methods Mol Biol. 2018;1699:67-74. doi: 10.1007/978-1-4939-7435-1_4.
Endogenously produced microRNAs (miRNAs) are predicted to regulate the translation of over two-thirds all human gene transcripts. Certain microRNAs regulate expression of genes that are critically involved in both innate and adaptive immune responses. miRNAs have been demonstrated to function as crucial regulators of immune response under both physiological and pathological conditions. Specifically, different miRNAs have been reported to have a role in controlling the development and the functions of tumor-associated immune cells. Immune cells represent a highly attractive target for microRNA gene therapy approaches, as these cells can be isolated, treated, and then reintroduced into patients. In this chapter, we will discuss how recent discoveries on the roles of microRNAs in immune-regulation will advance the field of cancer immunology and immunotherapy.
据预测，内源性产生的微小RNA（miRNA）可调节超过三分之二的人类基因转录本的翻译。某些微小RNA可调节在先天免疫和适应性免疫反应中都起关键作用的基因的表达。已证明miRNA在生理和病理条件下均作为免疫反应的关键调节因子发挥作用。具体而言，据报道不同的miRNA在控制肿瘤相关免疫细胞的发育和功能方面发挥作用。免疫细胞是微小RNA基因治疗方法极具吸引力的靶点，因为这些细胞可以被分离、处理，然后重新引入患者体内。在本章中，我们将讨论关于微小RNA在免疫调节中作用的最新发现如何推动癌症免疫学和免疫治疗领域的发展。
