Sufianov Albert, Agaverdiev Murad, Mashkin Andrey, Ilyasova Tatiana
Educational and Scientific Institute of Neurosurgery, Рeoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.
Department of Neurosurgery, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), Moscow, Russia.
Noncoding RNA Res. 2024 Nov 14;11:91-103. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.11.004. eCollection 2025 Apr.
Cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are the foremost cause of mortality worldwide, with recent advances in immunology underscoring the critical roles of immune cells in their onset and progression. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), particularly those derived from the immune system, have emerged as vital regulators of cellular functions within the cardiovascular landscape. This review focuses on "immuno-miRs," a class of miRNAs that are highly expressed in immune cells, including T cells, B cells, NK cells, neutrophils, and monocytes/macrophages, and their significant role in controlling immune signaling pathways. Highlighting recent studies in human and animal models, this review examines how miRNAs influence both innate and adaptive immune responses and explores their potential as therapeutic targets for CVD. Special emphasis is placed on miRNAs that regulate T cells, suggesting that targeted manipulation of these miRNA pathways could offer new strategies for CVD treatment. As research in cardiovascular immunology advances, this review aims to provide a thorough overview of the potential of immune system-derived miRNAs to revolutionize CVD management and therapy, addressing a major global health challenge.
心血管疾病（CVD）是全球首要的死亡原因，随着免疫学的最新进展，凸显了免疫细胞在其发病和进展中的关键作用。微小RNA（miRNA），尤其是那些源自免疫系统的miRNA，已成为心血管领域细胞功能的重要调节因子。本综述聚焦于“免疫miR”，这是一类在免疫细胞（包括T细胞、B细胞、NK细胞、中性粒细胞和单核细胞/巨噬细胞）中高度表达的miRNA，及其在控制免疫信号通路中的重要作用。本综述突出了近期在人类和动物模型中的研究，探讨了miRNA如何影响先天性和适应性免疫反应，并探索了它们作为CVD治疗靶点的潜力。特别强调了调节T细胞的miRNA，表明对这些miRNA途径的靶向操纵可为CVD治疗提供新策略。随着心血管免疫学研究的进展，本综述旨在全面概述源自免疫系统的miRNA在彻底变革CVD管理和治疗方面的潜力，应对一项重大的全球健康挑战。
