Vector Biology Department, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, United Kingdom.
Research Unit, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM)/Organisation de Coordination pour la lutte contre les Endémies en Afrique Centrale (OCEAC) Research Unit, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
J Infect Dis. 2018 Jan 4;217(2):320-328. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jix570.
Accounting for approximately 11% of all malaria cases, the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) is central to malaria elimination efforts. To support vector control interventions in DRC, we characterized the dynamics and impact of insecticide resistance in major malaria vectors in 2015. High Plasmodium infection rates were recorded in Anopheles gambiae and Anopheles funestus, with Plasmodium falciparum predominant over Plasmodium malariae. Both mosquito species exhibited high and multiple resistance to major public health insecticide classes. The extremely high resistance to permethrin and DDT (dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane) in An. gambiae (low mortalities after 6 hours exposure) is worrisome, and is supported by a reduced insecticidal effect of bed nets against both mosquito species in laboratory tests. Metabolic and target site insensitivity mechanisms are driving this resistance in An. gambiae, but only the former was observed in An. funestus. These findings highlight the urgent need for actions to prolong the effectiveness of insecticide-based interventions in DRC.
刚果民主共和国（DRC）约占所有疟疾病例的 11%，是消除疟疾工作的核心。为了支持在刚果民主共和国的病媒控制干预，我们在 2015 年描述了主要疟疾传播媒介中杀虫剂耐药性的动态和影响。在冈比亚按蚊和致倦库蚊中记录了高疟原虫感染率，恶性疟原虫比间日疟原虫更为常见。这两种蚊子对主要公共卫生杀虫剂类别均表现出高度和多重耐药性。冈比亚按蚊对拟除虫菊酯和滴滴涕（双对氯苯基三氯乙烷）的极高抗性（接触 6 小时后死亡率低）令人担忧，实验室测试表明这两种蚊子对蚊帐的杀虫效果均降低，证实了这一点。代谢和靶位不敏感性机制导致了冈比亚按蚊的这种耐药性，但在致倦库蚊中仅观察到前者。这些发现突出表明迫切需要采取行动，以延长基于杀虫剂的干预措施在刚果民主共和国的有效性。
