Smith Fay, Lachish Shelly, Goldacre Michael J, Lambert Trevor W
UK Medical Careers Research Group, Unit of Health-Care Epidemiology, Nuffield Department of Population Health, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
BMJ Open. 2017 Oct 31;7(9):e017650. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2017-017650.
To report attitudes to retirement of late-career doctors.
Questionnaires sent in 2014 to all UK medical graduates of 1974 and 1977.
United Kingdom.
3695 medical graduates.
Factors which influenced doctors' decisions to retire and factors which encouraged doctors to remain in work.
The response rate was 85% (3695/4369). 55% of respondents overall were still working in medicine (whether they had not retired or had retired and returned; 61% of men, 43% of women). Of the retirees, 67% retired when they had originally planned to, and 28% had changed their retirement plans. Fifty per cent of retired doctors cited 'increased time for leisure/other interests' as a reason; 43% cited 'pressure of work'. Women (21%) were more likely than men (11%) to retire for family reasons. Women (27%) were more likely than men (9%) to retire because of the retirement of their spouse. General practitioners (GPs) were more likely than doctors in other specialties to cite 'pressure of work'. Anaesthetists and GPs were more likely than doctors in other specialties to cite the 'possibility of deteriorating skill/competence'. Radiologists, surgeons, obstetricians and gynaecologists, and anaesthetists were most likely to cite 'not wanting to do out-of-hours work'.Doctors who were still working were asked what would encourage them to stay in medicine for longer. Factors cited most frequently were 'reduced impact of work-related bureaucracy' (cited by 45%) and 'workload reduction/shorter hours' (42%). Men (30%) were more motivated than women (20%) by 'financial incentivisation'. Surgeons were most motivated by 'reduction of on-call or emergency commitments'.
Retention policy should address ways of optimising the clinical contribution of senior doctors while offering reduced workloads in the areas of bureaucracy and working hours, particularly in respect of emergency commitments.
报告处于职业生涯后期的医生对退休的态度。
2014年向所有1974年和1977年毕业于英国的医学毕业生发放问卷。
英国。
3695名医学毕业生。
影响医生退休决定的因素以及鼓励医生继续工作的因素。
回复率为85%（3695/4369）。总体而言，55%的受访者仍在从事医疗工作（无论他们尚未退休、已退休后又重返岗位；男性为61%，女性为43%）。在退休人员中，67%在原计划时间退休，28%改变了退休计划。50%的退休医生将“有更多休闲/其他兴趣的时间”作为退休原因；43%提到“工作压力”。女性（21%）因家庭原因退休的可能性高于男性（11%）。女性（27%）因配偶退休而退休的可能性高于男性（9%）。全科医生比其他专科医生更有可能提到“工作压力”。麻醉师和全科医生比其他专科医生更有可能提到“技能/能力下降的可能性”。放射科医生、外科医生、妇产科医生和麻醉师最有可能提到“不想值夜班”。仍在工作的医生被问及什么会鼓励他们在医疗行业工作更长时间。最常提到的因素是“减少与工作相关的官僚作风的影响”（45%提到）和“工作量减少/工作时间缩短”（42%）。男性（30%）比女性（20%）更受“经济激励”的驱动。外科医生最受“减少值班或紧急任务”的驱动。
留用政策应解决如何优化资深医生的临床贡献，同时在官僚作风和工作时间方面减少工作量，特别是在紧急任务方面。
