Kingston University, Faculty of Science, Engineering and Computing, Roehampton Vale campus, London SW15 3DW, UK.
Coventry University, Faculty of Engineering, Environment and Computing, Coventry CV1 2JH, UK.
Bioresour Technol. 2018 Feb;249:626-634. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2017.10.069. Epub 2017 Oct 20.
The aim of this study was to investigate the sustainability of producing synthetic fuels from biomass using thermochemical processing and different upgrading pathways. Life cycle assessment (LCA) models consisting of biomass collection, transportation, pre-treatment, pyrolysis and upgrading stages were developed. To reveal the environmental impacts associated with greater post-processing to achieve higher quality fuels, six different bio-oil upgrading scenarios were analysed and included esterification, ketonisation, hydrotreating and hydrocracking. Furthermore, to take into account the possible ranges in LCA inventory data, expected, optimistic and pessimistic values for producing and upgrading pyrolysis oils were evaluated. We found that the expected carbon dioxide equivalent emissions could be as high as 6000 gCO/kg of upgraded fuel, which is greater than the emissions arising from the use of diesel fuel. Other environmental impacts occurring from the fuel production process are outlined, such as resource depletion, acidification and eutrophication.
本研究旨在探讨利用热化学加工和不同升级途径从生物质生产合成燃料的可持续性。开发了包含生物质收集、运输、预处理、热解和升级阶段的生命周期评估 (LCA) 模型。为了揭示与实现更高质量燃料相关的更高后处理的环境影响，分析了六种不同的生物油升级方案，包括酯化、酮化、加氢处理和加氢裂化。此外，为了考虑 LCA 清单数据的可能范围，评估了生产和升级热解油的预期、乐观和悲观值。我们发现，升级后燃油的二氧化碳当量排放预计高达 6000gCO/kg，高于使用柴油燃料产生的排放。还概述了燃料生产过程中产生的其他环境影响，如资源枯竭、酸化和富营养化。
