Division for Immunology and Vaccinology, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark.
Ann Oncol. 2017 Dec 1;28(suppl_12):xii3-xii10. doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdx544.
Current cancer immunotherapy approaches utilize the remarkable surveillance capacity of the human immune system, which is capable of recognizing and eliminating cancer cells based on identification of tumor-associated antigens arising as a consequence of the transformation process. Among these, mutational-derived neoepitopes have proved to be powerful targets for tumor elimination and mutational load has been shown to correlate with the clinical response to treatment with checkpoint inhibitors in many different tumor types. This suggests a crucial role for neoepitope recognition in T-cell-mediated tumor eradication. Consequently, strategies to further boost neoepitope recognition, through vaccination or adoptive cell transfer, has received substantial interest. Although such strategies have enormous potential, there are also considerable challenges associated with these approaches. In the present review, we will focus on how novel technological developments can facilitate and improve feasibility and efficacy in neoepitope targeting.
当前的癌症免疫疗法利用了人类免疫系统的卓越监测能力，该系统能够基于识别因转化过程而产生的肿瘤相关抗原来识别和消除癌细胞。在这些抗原中，突变衍生的新表位已被证明是消除肿瘤的有效靶点，并且突变负荷已被证明与许多不同肿瘤类型的检查点抑制剂治疗的临床反应相关。这表明新表位识别在 T 细胞介导的肿瘤消除中起着关键作用。因此，通过接种疫苗或过继细胞转移来进一步增强新表位识别的策略受到了广泛关注。尽管这些策略具有巨大的潜力，但它们也存在相当大的挑战。在本综述中，我们将重点讨论新的技术发展如何促进和提高新表位靶向的可行性和疗效。
