Kelly Lesly A, Lefton Cindy
Lesly A. Kelly is an assistant professor, Arizona State University, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, and director of the RN clinical research program, Banner- University Medical Center Phoenix, Phoenix, Arizona. Cindy Lefton is a patient experience manager and researcher, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, and vice president of organizational consulting, Psychological Associates, St Louis, Missouri.
Am J Crit Care. 2017 Nov;26(6):438-444. doi: 10.4037/ajcc2017471.
As caregivers in high-pressure environments, critical care nurses are at risk for burnout and secondary trauma-components of compassion fatigue. Recent findings have increased understanding of the phenomena, specifically that satisfaction and meaningful recognition may play a role in reducing burnout and raising compassion satisfaction; however, no large multisite studies of compassion fatigue have been conducted.
To examine the effect of meaningful recognition and other predictors on compassion fatigue in a multicenter national sample of critical care nurses.
A quantitative, descriptive online survey was completed by 726 intensive care unit nurses in 14 hospitals with an established meaningful recognition program and 410 nurses in 10 hospitals without such a program. Site coordinators at each hospital coordinated distribution of the survey to nurses to assess multiple predictors against outcomes, measured by the Professional Quality of Life Scale. Cross-validation and linear regression modeling were conducted to determine significant predictors of burnout, secondary traumatic stress, and compassion satisfaction.
Similar levels of burnout, secondary traumatic stress, compassion satisfaction, overall satisfaction, and intent to leave were reported by nurses in hospitals with and without meaningful recognition programs. Meaningful recognition was a significant predictor of decreased burnout and increased compassion satisfaction. Additionally, job satisfaction and job enjoyment were highly predictive of decreased burnout, decreased secondary traumatic stress, and increased compassion satisfaction.
In addition to acknowledging and valuing nurses' contributions to care, meaningful recognition could reduce burnout and boost compassion satisfaction.
作为处于高压环境中的护理人员，重症监护护士存在职业倦怠和继发性创伤（同情疲劳的组成部分）的风险。最近的研究结果加深了对这些现象的理解，特别是满意度和有意义的认可可能在减少职业倦怠和提高同情满意度方面发挥作用；然而，尚未进行关于同情疲劳的大型多地点研究。
在一个多中心全国性重症监护护士样本中，研究有意义的认可及其他预测因素对同情疲劳的影响。
对14家设有既定有意义认可项目医院的726名重症监护病房护士和10家没有此类项目医院的410名护士进行了一项定量描述性在线调查。每家医院的现场协调员负责将调查问卷分发给护士，以评估多种预测因素与结果之间的关系，结果通过职业生活质量量表进行衡量。进行交叉验证和线性回归建模，以确定职业倦怠、继发性创伤压力和同情满意度的显著预测因素。
设有和未设有有意义认可项目医院的护士报告的职业倦怠、继发性创伤压力、同情满意度、总体满意度和离职意愿水平相似。有意义的认可是职业倦怠降低和同情满意度提高的显著预测因素。此外，工作满意度和工作乐趣对职业倦怠降低、继发性创伤压力降低和同情满意度提高具有高度预测性。
除了认可和重视护士对护理工作的贡献外，有意义的认可还可以减少职业倦怠并提高同情满意度。
