Zagoskin Maxim V, Davis Richard E, Mukha Dmitry V
Laboratory of Genetic Basis of Biodiversity, Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, United States.
Front Genet. 2017 Oct 18;8:154. doi: 10.3389/fgene.2017.00154. eCollection 2017.
Recently, human semen was shown to contain cell-free nucleic acids, such as DNA, long single stranded RNA, and small RNAs-miRNA and piRNA. The RNAs have been suggested to have potential biological roles as communication molecules between cells and in the temporal and spatial regulation of gene expression in the male reproductive system. Here we demonstrate that human seminal plasma contains a variety of cell-free dsRNAs, describe a robust method to isolate this type of nucleic acid in preparative amounts, and discuss the potential biological roles of these molecules in inheritance. dsRNA plays a role in a variety of biological processes, including gene regulation, is extremely stable and can gain access to cells from the extracellular medium. We suggest that one of the possible functions of dsRNA in human seminal plasma may be to influence human oocytes and therefore, influence the offspring. It also remains possible that these dsRNAs might have potential use as biomarkers for the study of human physiopathological conditions and genetic variation.
最近，研究表明人类精液中含有无细胞核酸，如DNA、长单链RNA以及小RNA——微小RNA（miRNA）和Piwi相互作用RNA（piRNA）。这些RNA被认为可能作为细胞间的通讯分子，在雄性生殖系统基因表达的时空调控中发挥潜在生物学作用。在此，我们证明人类精浆中含有多种无细胞双链RNA（dsRNA），描述了一种可大量分离此类核酸的可靠方法，并讨论了这些分子在遗传方面的潜在生物学作用。dsRNA在包括基因调控在内的多种生物学过程中发挥作用，极其稳定，且能从细胞外介质进入细胞。我们认为，人类精浆中dsRNA的一个可能功能或许是影响人类卵母细胞，进而影响后代。这些dsRNA也有可能作为生物标志物，用于研究人类生理病理状况和遗传变异。
