Department of Psychology.
Department of Family Medicine and Public Health Sciences, Wayne State University.
Psychol Addict Behav. 2018 Mar;32(2):187-196. doi: 10.1037/adb0000325. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
Food addiction, measured by the Yale Food Addiction Scale (YFAS), has been associated with obesity, eating-related problems (e.g., bingeing), and problematic consumption of highly processed foods. Studies on this topic have primarily examined adult samples with an overrepresentation of White individuals, and little is known about addictive-like eating in adolescents, particularly African American adolescents who exhibit high rates of obesity and eating pathology. The current study examined the prevalence of food addiction and its convergent validity with percent overweight, eating-related problems, and self-reported dietary intake in a sample of 181 African American adolescents with obesity. Approximately 10% of participants met for food addiction, measured by the YFAS for children (YFAS-C). YFAS-C scores were most strongly associated with objective binge episodes (OBE), though significant relationships were also observed with objective overeating episodes (OOE), percent overweight relative to age- and sex-adjusted body mass index (BMI), and, more modestly, subjective binge episodes (SBE). YFAS-C scores were also related to greater consumption of all nutrient characteristics of interest (calories, fat, saturated fat, trans fat, carbohydrates, sugar, added sugar), though most strongly with trans fat, a type of fat found most frequently in highly processed foods. These findings suggest that the combination of exhibiting a loss of control while consuming an objectively large amount of food seems to be most implicated in food addiction for African American adolescents with obesity. The present work also provides evidence that individuals with food addiction may consume elevated quantities of highly processed foods, relative to those without addictive-like eating. (PsycINFO Database Record
食物成瘾，通过耶鲁食物成瘾量表（YFAS）来衡量，与肥胖、与饮食相关的问题（如暴食）以及高度加工食品的问题性消费有关。关于这个主题的研究主要考察了成年样本，其中白种人占比较大，而对于青少年中类似成瘾的进食行为，特别是肥胖和饮食失调发生率较高的非裔美国青少年的相关研究则知之甚少。本研究在一个患有肥胖症的 181 名非裔美国青少年样本中，考察了食物成瘾的流行率及其与超重百分比、与饮食相关的问题以及自我报告的饮食摄入的聚合效度。约有 10%的参与者符合儿童耶鲁食物成瘾量表（YFAS-C）测量的食物成瘾标准。YFAS-C 得分与客观暴食发作（OBE）的相关性最强，尽管与客观过量进食发作（OOE）、超重百分比（相对于年龄和性别调整后的体重指数 BMI）以及主观暴食发作（SBE）也有显著相关性。YFAS-C 得分也与所有感兴趣的营养特征的摄入量相关（卡路里、脂肪、饱和脂肪、反式脂肪、碳水化合物、糖、添加糖），与反式脂肪的相关性最强，反式脂肪是一种在高度加工食品中最常见的脂肪。这些发现表明，在摄入大量食物时失去控制的表现似乎与非裔美国肥胖青少年的食物成瘾最相关。本研究还提供了证据表明，与没有类似成瘾进食行为的个体相比，食物成瘾者可能会摄入更多的高度加工食品。
