Shakeri Shahryar, Amoozyan Neda, Fekrat Farzaneh, Maleki Mahmood
Dept. of Biotechnology, Inst. of Science and High Technology and Environmental Sciences, Graduate Univ. of Advanced Technology, Kerman, Iran.
J Food Sci. 2017 Nov;82(11):2706-2718. doi: 10.1111/1750-3841.13925. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
Dietary eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) may have a role in contributing to the prevention or inhibition of some malignancies. DHA, the most important polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) in fish and thraustochytrid oils, is known for its anticancer activity. However, antigastric cancer activity of thraustochytrid microbial oil is still unclear. In this investigation, 45 thraustochytrid strains were screened for the production of antigastric cancer oil. Cytotoxicity of 12 thraustochytrid oils was assessed by 3-(4,5-dimethythiazol- 2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) on gastric cancer AGS cells. The most cytotoxic effect was related to the oil extracted from the qe-4 strain with 45% cell cytotoxicity. Therefore, the Taguchi methodology was used to optimize this bioactive microbial oil. The amounts of biomass, oil, and DHA were increased to 10.32 g/L, 3.86 g/L, and 1390 mg/L, respectively. Furthermore, the use of glycerol in low saline medium enhanced the yield of DHA. Then, the cytotoxicity of thraustochytrids oil rich in DHA or C16 (0.5 to 10 mg/mL), was assessed on AGS cells. Only the oil that was rich in DHA showed an inhibitory effect (IC ) on AGS cells (same as the standard DHA at 1.26 mg/mL). These new findings revealed that thraustochytrid derived oil rich in DHA, has an inhibitory effect on gastric cancer cells. Phylogenetic analysis showed that qe-4 is related to the genus Aurantiochytrium (AN: KR091914) as a potential candidate for the production of bioactive oil. In conclusion, these results certainly support further investigations on this bioactive microbial oil as an additive for the fortification of food and dairy products.
Thraustochytrid microbial oil rich in DHA, showed antigastric cancer activity comparable to that of pure DHA; indicating that this microbial bioactive omega-3 oil rich in the very important PUFA (DHA), can be applied as an additive for the fortification of food and dairy products. Also, Aurantiochytrium sp. KR091914, as a GRAS microorganism, is a good producer of this bioactive oil.
膳食中的二十碳五烯酸（EPA）和二十二碳六烯酸（DHA）可能在预防或抑制某些恶性肿瘤方面发挥作用。DHA是鱼类和破囊壶菌油中最重要的多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA），以其抗癌活性而闻名。然而，破囊壶菌微生物油的抗胃癌活性仍不清楚。在本研究中，筛选了45株破囊壶菌菌株以生产抗胃癌油。通过3-（4,5-二甲基噻唑-2-基）-2,5-二苯基四氮唑溴盐（MTT）法评估了12种破囊壶菌油对胃癌AGS细胞的细胞毒性。细胞毒性最强的是从qe-4菌株中提取的油，细胞毒性为45%。因此，采用田口方法对这种生物活性微生物油进行优化。生物量、油和DHA的产量分别提高到10.32 g/L、3.86 g/L和1390 mg/L。此外，在低盐培养基中使用甘油提高了DHA的产量。然后，评估了富含DHA或C16（0.5至10 mg/mL）的破囊壶菌油对AGS细胞的细胞毒性。只有富含DHA的油对AGS细胞有抑制作用（IC）（与1.26 mg/mL的标准DHA相同）。这些新发现表明，富含DHA的破囊壶菌衍生油对胃癌细胞有抑制作用。系统发育分析表明，qe-4与橙黄壶菌属（登录号：KR091914）相关，是生产生物活性油的潜在候选菌株。总之，这些结果肯定支持对这种生物活性微生物油作为食品和乳制品强化添加剂的进一步研究。
富含DHA的破囊壶菌微生物油显示出与纯DHA相当的抗胃癌活性；表明这种富含非常重要的多不饱和脂肪酸（DHA）的微生物生物活性ω-3油可作为食品和乳制品强化的添加剂。此外，作为一种公认安全的微生物，橙黄壶菌属KR091914是这种生物活性油的良好生产者。
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