Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.
Department of Developmental Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 S Euclid Ave, St Louis, MO 63110, USA; Hope Center for Neurological Disorders, Washington University School of Medicine, USA.
Curr Opin Neurobiol. 2017 Dec;47:131-137. doi: 10.1016/j.conb.2017.10.003. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Schwann cells (SCs) are specialized glial cells that myelinate and protect axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). Although myelinating SCs are more commonly studied, the PNS also contains a variety of non-myelinating SCs, including but not limited to Remak SCs (RSCs), terminal SCs, enteric glia. Although the field currently lacks many robust tools for interrogating the functions of non-myelinating SCs, recent evidence suggests that, like their myelinating counterparts, non-myelinating SCs are critical for proper PNS function. In this review, we focus specifically on RSCs and highlight recent advances in understanding regulators of RSC development, function, and participation in PNS regeneration.
许旺细胞（SCs）是一种专门的神经胶质细胞，在外周神经系统（PNS）中对轴突进行髓鞘化和保护。虽然髓鞘形成的 SC 更为常见，但 PNS 还包含各种非髓鞘形成的 SC，包括但不限于 Remak SC（RSCs）、终末 SC、肠胶质细胞。尽管该领域目前缺乏许多用于探究非髓鞘形成的 SC 功能的强大工具，但最近的证据表明，与髓鞘形成的 SC 一样，非髓鞘形成的 SC 对 PNS 功能的正常运作至关重要。在本综述中，我们特别关注 RSCs，并强调了近期在理解 RSC 发育、功能以及参与 PNS 再生的调节因子方面的进展。
