Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States.
Center of Emphasis in Cancer Research, Paul L. Foster School of Medicine, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center El Paso, El Paso, TX, United States.
Prog Mol Biol Transl Sci. 2017;151:81-111. doi: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2017.07.006. Epub 2017 Sep 11.
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed type of cancer among women worldwide. The majority of breast cancers are sporadic and the etiology is not well understood. Several factors have been attributed to altering the risk of breast cancer. A full-term pregnancy is a crucial factor in altering the risk. Early full-term pregnancy has been shown to reduce the lifetime risk of breast cancer, while a later first full-term pregnancy increases breast cancer risk. Epidemiological and experimental data demonstrate that spontaneous or induced abortions do not significantly alter the risk of breast cancer. In this study, we briefly discuss the different types and stages of breast cancer, various risk factors, and potential mechanisms involved in early full-term pregnancy-induced protection against breast cancer. Understanding how early full-term pregnancy induces protection against breast cancer will help design innovative preventive and therapeutic strategies. This understanding can also help in the development of molecular biomarkers that can be of tremendous help in predicting the risk of breast cancer in the general population.
乳腺癌是全世界女性最常见的癌症类型。大多数乳腺癌是散发性的，其病因尚不清楚。有几个因素被认为会改变乳腺癌的风险。足月妊娠是改变风险的关键因素。研究表明，早期足月妊娠可降低终生乳腺癌风险，而首次足月妊娠较晚则会增加乳腺癌风险。流行病学和实验数据表明，自然或人工流产并不会显著改变乳腺癌的风险。在这项研究中，我们简要讨论了乳腺癌的不同类型和阶段、各种风险因素以及早期足月妊娠诱导预防乳腺癌的潜在机制。了解早期足月妊娠如何诱导对乳腺癌的保护作用，有助于设计创新的预防和治疗策略。这种认识还有助于开发分子生物标志物，这对预测普通人群乳腺癌的风险有很大的帮助。
