Tihanyi Benedek T, Ferentzi Eszter, Beissner Florian, Köteles Ferenc
Institute of Health Promotion and Sport Sciences, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary; Doctoral School of Psychology, ELTE Eötvös Loránd University, Hungary.
Somatosensory and Autonomic Therapy Research, Institute of Neuroradiology, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
Conscious Cogn. 2018 Feb;58:97-110. doi: 10.1016/j.concog.2017.10.015. Epub 2017 Oct 31.
Tingling is a bodily sensation experienced under a variety of conditions from everyday experiences to experimental and therapeutic situations. It can be induced by both peripheral or afferent (external stimulation, peripheral pathology) and higher cognitive (expectation) processes. The paper summarizes the current scientific knowledge on the neurophysiological and psychological concomitants of the tingling sensation. Four possible models are identified and presented: the afferent, the attention-disclosed, the attention-evoked, and the efferent model. Of these, only the attention-disclosed model, i.e., attention discloses the sensation by opening the gate for suppressed sensory information, appears to be able to explain every aspect of the tingling phenomenon. Terminological issues and the possible role of the tingling phenomenon in medically unexplained symptoms, nocebo and placebo reactions, and body-oriented therapeutic interventions are also discussed.
刺痛是一种在从日常经历到实验及治疗情境等各种条件下所体验到的身体感觉。它可由外周或传入（外部刺激、外周病理）以及更高层次的认知（期望）过程诱发。本文总结了关于刺痛感的神经生理学和心理学伴随现象的当前科学知识。确定并呈现了四种可能的模型：传入模型、注意力揭示模型、注意力诱发模型和传出模型。其中，只有注意力揭示模型，即注意力通过为被抑制的感觉信息打开闸门来揭示感觉，似乎能够解释刺痛现象的各个方面。还讨论了术语问题以及刺痛现象在医学上无法解释的症状、反安慰剂和安慰剂反应以及以身体为导向的治疗干预中的可能作用。
