Ogawa Masahiro, Nishida Seiji, Shirai Haruna
Department of Human Health Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Faculty of Health and Welfare, Prefectural University of Hiroshima, Hiroshima, Japan.
Occup Ther Int. 2017 Aug 10;2017:7513875. doi: 10.1155/2017/7513875. eCollection 2017.
Many occupational therapists face the challenge of helping clients with dementia to select and perform meaningful occupations, which may be difficult due to cognitive impairment. Understanding tacit knowledge of well-experienced occupational therapists could positively affect occupational therapy practice for clients with dementia.
To explore the observations of experienced occupational therapists when evaluating the effects of activities in clients with dementia.
Ten occupational therapists with over 10 years of clinical experience participated in this qualitative study. In-depth interviews were conducted to ask the question, "What do you observe in clients with dementia when you assess the effectiveness of activities among these clients?" . From 47 cases, we found five major themes and 18 subthemes. Main themes were "engaging activity," "emotional expression during activity," "verbal expression during activity," "social interaction through activity," and "something obtained as outcome of activity." . The 18 subthemes could be used as viewpoints to observe engagements of activity in clients with dementia.
Future studies could examine which viewpoints were utilized for each type of activity and/or severity of dementia as this was not investigated in the current study.
许多职业治疗师面临着帮助痴呆症患者选择并进行有意义活动的挑战，由于认知障碍，这可能会很困难。了解经验丰富的职业治疗师的隐性知识可能会对痴呆症患者的职业治疗实践产生积极影响。
探讨经验丰富的职业治疗师在评估痴呆症患者活动效果时的观察结果。
十名具有超过10年临床经验的职业治疗师参与了这项定性研究。进行了深入访谈，询问“当你评估痴呆症患者活动效果时，你在这些患者身上观察到了什么？” 从47个案例中，我们发现了五个主要主题和18个子主题。主要主题为“参与活动”、“活动中的情感表达”、“活动中的言语表达”、“通过活动进行社交互动”以及“活动结果所获得的东西”。这18个子主题可作为观察痴呆症患者活动参与情况的视角。
由于本研究未对此进行调查，未来研究可以考察针对每种活动类型和/或痴呆症严重程度使用了哪些视角。
