Pham Duc-Hung, Zhang Changwen, Yin Chunyue
Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA.
Division of Developmental Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio, 45229, USA.
Curr Pathobiol Rep. 2017 Jun;5(2):207-221. doi: 10.1007/s40139-017-0141-y. Epub 2017 May 3.
The liver is the largest internal organ and performs both exocrine and endocrine function that is necessary for survival. Liver failure is among the leading causes of death and represents a major global health burden. Liver transplantation is the only effective treatment for end-stage liver diseases. Animal models advance our understanding of liver disease etiology and hold promise for the development of alternative therapies. Zebrafish has become an increasingly popular system for modeling liver diseases and complements the rodent models.
The zebrafish liver contains main cell types that are found in mammalian liver and exhibits similar pathogenic responses to environmental insults and genetic mutations. Zebrafish have been used to model neonatal cholestasis, cholangiopathies, such as polycystic liver disease, alcoholic liver disease, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. It also provides a unique opportunity to study the plasticity of liver parenchymal cells during regeneration.
In this review, we summarize the recent work of building zebrafish models of liver diseases. We highlight how these studies have brought new knowledge of disease mechanisms. We also discuss the advantages and challenges of using zebrafish to model liver diseases.
肝脏是人体最大的内部器官，行使外分泌和内分泌功能，这些功能对生存至关重要。肝衰竭是主要死因之一，是全球重大的健康负担。肝移植是终末期肝病的唯一有效治疗方法。动物模型有助于我们理解肝病病因，并有望开发替代疗法。斑马鱼已成为越来越受欢迎的肝病建模系统，可补充啮齿动物模型。
斑马鱼肝脏含有哺乳动物肝脏中的主要细胞类型，对环境损伤和基因突变表现出类似的致病反应。斑马鱼已被用于模拟新生儿胆汁淤积、胆管病，如多囊肝病、酒精性肝病和非酒精性脂肪性肝病。它还为研究肝实质细胞在再生过程中的可塑性提供了独特机会。
在本综述中，我们总结了构建斑马鱼肝病模型的最新工作。我们强调了这些研究如何带来了疾病机制的新知识。我们还讨论了使用斑马鱼进行肝病建模的优势和挑战。
