Calfee Robin D, Little Edward E
U.S. Geological Survey, Columbia Environmental Research Center, 4200 New Haven Road, Columbia, MO, 65202, USA.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2017 Dec;99(6):679-683. doi: 10.1007/s00128-017-2188-1. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
The Chiricahua leopard frog (Lithobates chiricahuensis) is in decline throughout the western United States, and is particularly sensitive to physical, chemical and biotic changes in their habitat. Acute toxicity tests revealed that among the metals detected in Chiricahua leopard frog habitat, copper was toxic at concentrations lower than those observed in the environment. Developing tadpoles were chronically exposed for 60 days to cadmium, copper and zinc because of the potential for long term exposure to these metals during early development. Cadmium was toxic, but at concentrations above observed environmental levels. Copper was especially toxic to this species at concentrations of about 10% of concentrations observed in their habitats. The onset of toxicity occurred within a few days of exposure, thus pulsed exposures from rain events could potentially be acutely toxic to tadpoles of this species. Zinc did not appear to have a negative impact during the acute or chronic exposures.
奇里卡华豹蛙（Lithobates chiricahuensis）在美国西部数量正在减少，并且对其栖息地的物理、化学和生物变化特别敏感。急性毒性试验表明，在奇里卡华豹蛙栖息地检测到的金属中，铜在低于环境中观察到的浓度时就具有毒性。由于幼体在早期发育过程中可能长期接触这些金属，因此对发育中的蝌蚪进行了为期60天的镉、铜和锌慢性暴露试验。镉具有毒性，但浓度高于观察到的环境水平。铜对该物种的毒性尤其大，其浓度约为在其栖息地观察到的浓度的10%。毒性在接触后的几天内就会出现，因此降雨事件引起的脉冲暴露可能会对该物种的蝌蚪产生急性毒性。锌在急性或慢性暴露期间似乎没有负面影响。
