Institute for Food, Nutrition and Health, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK.
Institute for Cardiovascular and Metabolic Research, University of Reading, Reading, RG6 6AR, UK.
Eur J Nutr. 2018 Dec;57(8):2943-2952. doi: 10.1007/s00394-017-1566-0. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
The association between egg consumption and cardiovascular disease (CVD) or type 2 diabetes (T2D) remains controversial. We investigated the association between egg consumption and risk of CVD (primary outcome), T2D and mortality in the Caerphilly prospective cohort study (CAPS) and National Diet and Nutritional Survey (NDNS).
CAPS included 2512 men aged 45-59 years (1979-1983). Dietary intake, disease incidence and mortality were updated at 5-year intervals. NDNS included 754 adults aged 19-64 years from 2008 to 2012.
Men free of CVD (n = 1781) were followed up for a mean of 22.8 years, egg consumption was not associated with new incidence of CVD (n = 715), mortality (n = 1028) or T2D (n = 120). When stroke (n = 248), MI (n = 477), heart failure (n = 201) were investigated separately, no associations between egg consumption and stroke and MI were identified, however, increased risk of stroke in subjects with T2D and/or impaired glucose tolerance (IGT, fasting plasma glucose ≥ 6.1 mmol/L), adjusted hazard ratios (95% CI) were 1.0 (reference), 1.09 (0.41, 2.88), 0.96 (0.37, 2.50), 1.39 (0.54, 3.56) and 2.87 (1.13, 7.27) for egg intake (n) of 0 ≤ n ≤ 1, 1 < n ≤ 2, 2 < n ≤ 3, 3 < n < 5, and n ≥ 5 eggs/wk, respectively (P = 0.01). In addition, cross-sectional analyses revealed that higher egg consumption was significantly associated with elevated fasting glucose in those with T2D and/or IGT (CAPS: baseline P = 0.02 and 5-year P = 0.04; NDNS: P = 0.05).
Higher egg consumption was associated with higher blood glucose in subjects with T2D and/or IGT. The increased incidence of stroke with higher egg consumption among T2D and/or IGT sub-group warrants further investigation.
鸡蛋摄入与心血管疾病（CVD）或 2 型糖尿病（T2D）之间的关联仍存在争议。我们在卡菲利前瞻性队列研究（CAPS）和国家饮食与营养调查（NDNS）中调查了鸡蛋摄入与 CVD 风险（主要结局）、T2D 和死亡率之间的关系。
CAPS 纳入了 2512 名年龄在 45-59 岁的男性（1979-1983 年）。每 5 年更新一次饮食摄入、疾病发病率和死亡率数据。NDNS 纳入了 2008 年至 2012 年期间的 754 名年龄在 19-64 岁的成年人。
无 CVD 的男性（n=1781）的中位随访时间为 22.8 年，鸡蛋摄入与新发生的 CVD（n=715）、死亡率（n=1028）或 T2D（n=120）均无关联。当分别研究中风（n=248）、心肌梗死（n=477）和心力衰竭（n=201）时，未发现鸡蛋摄入与中风和心肌梗死之间存在关联，但在 T2D 和/或糖耐量受损（IGT，空腹血糖≥6.1mmol/L）的受试者中，中风风险增加，调整后的风险比（95%CI）分别为 1.0（参考）、1.09（0.41，2.88）、0.96（0.37，2.50）、1.39（0.54，3.56）和 2.87（1.13，7.27），鸡蛋摄入量（n）分别为 0≤n≤1、1<n≤2、2<n≤3、3<n<5 和 n≥5 个/周（P=0.01）。此外，横断面分析显示，在 T2D 和/或 IGT 患者中，较高的鸡蛋摄入量与空腹血糖升高显著相关（CAPS：基线 P=0.02，5 年时 P=0.04；NDNS：P=0.05）。
在 T2D 和/或 IGT 患者中，较高的鸡蛋摄入量与血糖升高有关。在 T2D 和/或 IGT 亚组中，较高的鸡蛋摄入量与中风发生率增加有关，这需要进一步研究。
