Department of Radiology and Research Imaging Institute, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Laramie, WY, USA.
J Physiol. 2018 Dec;596(23):5777-5790. doi: 10.1113/JP275139. Epub 2017 Nov 21.
Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) increases offspring risk of chronic diseases later in life, including cardiovascular dysfunction. Our prior studies suggest biventricular cardiac dysfunction and vascular impairment in baboons who were IUGR at birth because of moderate maternal nutrient reduction. The current study reveals changes in artery sizes, distensibility, and blood flow pattern in young adult IUGR baboons, which may contribute to cardiac stress. The pattern of abnormality observed suggests that vascular redistribution seen with IUGR in fetal life may continue into adulthood.
Maternal nutrient reduction induces intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), increasing risks of chronic diseases later in life, including cardiovascular dysfunction. Using ultrasound, we determined regional blood flow, blood vessel sizes, and distensibility in IUGR baboons (8 males, 8 females, 8.8 years, similar to 35 human years) and controls (12 males, 12 females, 9.5 years). The measured blood vessels were larger in size in the males compared to females before but not after normalization to body surface area. Smaller IUGR normalized blood vessel sizes were observed in the femoral and external iliac arteries but not the brachial or common carotid arteries and not correlated significantly with birth weight. Mild decrease in distensibility in the IUGR group was seen in the iliac but not the carotid arteries without between-sex differences. In IUGR baboons there was increased carotid arterial blood flow velocity during late systole and diastole. Overall, our findings support the conclusion that region specific vascular and haemodynamic changes occur with IUGR, which may contribute to the occurrence of later life cardiac dysfunction. The pattern of alteration observed suggests vascular redistribution efforts in response to challenges in the perinatal period may persist into adulthood. Further studies are needed to determine the life course progression of these changes.
宫内生长受限（IUGR）会增加后代在生命后期患慢性疾病的风险，包括心血管功能障碍。我们之前的研究表明，由于中等程度的母体营养减少，导致出生时 IUGR 的狒狒出现双心室心脏功能障碍和血管损伤。当前的研究揭示了幼年 IUGR 狒狒动脉大小、可扩张性和血流模式的变化，这可能导致心脏压力。观察到的异常模式表明，胎儿期 IUGR 所见的血管再分配可能持续到成年期。
母体营养减少会导致宫内生长受限（IUGR），增加生命后期患慢性疾病的风险，包括心血管功能障碍。我们使用超声确定了 IUGR 狒狒（8 只雄性，8 只雌性，8.8 岁，相当于 35 岁人类）和对照组（12 只雄性，12 只雌性，9.5 岁）的区域性血流、血管大小和可扩张性。在男性中，测量的血管在未按体表面积归一化之前比女性更大。在股骨和外髂动脉中观察到较小的 IUGR 归一化血管大小，但在肱动脉和颈总动脉中没有观察到，并且与出生体重没有显著相关性。在 IUGR 组中，髂动脉的可扩张性略有下降，但颈动脉没有，并且没有性别差异。在 IUGR 狒狒中，在收缩晚期和舒张期，颈动脉血流速度增加。总体而言，我们的研究结果支持这样的结论，即 IUGR 会发生特定于区域的血管和血液动力学变化，这可能导致生命后期出现心脏功能障碍。观察到的变化模式表明，在围产期面临挑战时，血管再分配的努力可能会持续到成年期。需要进一步研究来确定这些变化的生命过程进展。
