The Mina & Everard Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Ramat-Gan 5290002, Israel.
IVF Lab, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun. 2018 Nov 25;506(2):372-377. doi: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2017.11.001. Epub 2017 Nov 2.
For the acquisition of the ability to fertilize the egg, mammalian spermatozoa should undergo a series of biochemical transformations in the female reproductive tract, collectively called capacitation. The capacitated sperm can undergo the acrosomal exocytosis process near or on the oocyte, which allows the spermatozoon to penetrate and fertilize it. One of the main processes in capacitation involves dynamic cytoskeletal remodeling particularly of actin. Actin polymerization occurs during sperm capacitation and the produced F-actin should be depolymerized prior to the acrosomal exocytosis. In the present review, we describe the mechanisms that regulate F-actin formation during sperm capacitation and the F-actin dispersion prior to the acrosomal exocytosis. During sperm capacitation, the actin severing proteins gelsolin and cofilin are inactive and they undergo activation prior to the acrosomal exocytosis.
为了获得受精卵子的能力，哺乳动物的精子应该在雌性生殖道中经历一系列的生化转化，统称为获能。获能后的精子可以在卵母细胞附近或在卵母细胞上发生顶体反应过程，从而使精子穿透并受精。获能过程中的主要过程之一涉及细胞骨架的动态重塑，特别是肌动蛋白。在精子获能过程中发生肌动蛋白聚合，并且在顶体反应之前，产生的 F-肌动蛋白应该解聚。在本综述中，我们描述了调节精子获能过程中 F-肌动蛋白形成和顶体反应之前 F-肌动蛋白分散的机制。在精子获能期间，肌动蛋白切断蛋白gelsolin 和 cofilin 是无活性的，并且在顶体反应之前它们被激活。
