University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, UCB 428, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
University of Colorado at Boulder, Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, UCB 428, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
Water Res. 2018 Jan 1;128:234-245. doi: 10.1016/j.watres.2017.09.048. Epub 2017 Nov 5.
Biodegradable organic matter (BOM), found in all surface waters, is a challenge for drinking water utilities because it can lead to distribution system bio-regrowth, react to form disinfection by-products, or be a specific compound of concern. A critical review of BOM (occurrence and oxidant effects) and rapid-rate biofiltration performance (preozonation, backwashing with an oxidant, empty bed contact time (EBCT) and temperature) was carried out. An extensive literature data analysis (n = 100) found total organic carbon (TOC) in nonozonated water is comprised of 20% (median) biodegradable organic carbon (BDOC) and 3% (median) assimilable organic carbon (AOC). For ozonated waters (n = 103), these values increased to 30% (median) BDOC and 9% (median) AOC. For all operation conditions (n = 117), biofilters (12 min average EBCT) removed 12% (median) of the influent TOC with higher removals for ozonated waters, 15% (median), compared to nonozonated waters, 10% (median). As temperature increased from ≤10 °C to ≥20 °C, TOC removal increased from 10% to 17% (median). This review demonstrates biofiltration can be an efficient treatment technology to remove a portion of the BOM from the filter influent and should be optimized to achieve maximum removal.
可生物降解有机物（BOM）存在于所有地表水，是饮用水处理厂的一大挑战，因为它可能导致配水系统的生物再生长，与消毒剂反应形成消毒副产物，或者成为一种具体的关注化合物。对 BOM（出现和氧化剂效应）和快速生物滤池性能（预臭氧化、氧化剂反冲洗、空床接触时间（EBCT）和温度）进行了深入的文献综述。对大量文献数据（n=100）的分析发现，未经臭氧化的水中总有机碳（TOC）由 20%（中位数）可生物降解有机碳（BDOC）和 3%（中位数）可同化有机碳（AOC）组成。对于臭氧化水（n=103），这些值增加到 30%（中位数）BDOC 和 9%（中位数）AOC。对于所有操作条件（n=117），生物滤池（平均 EBCT 为 12 分钟）去除了进水 TOC 的 12%（中位数），对于臭氧化水的去除率更高，为 15%（中位数），而非臭氧化水为 10%（中位数）。随着温度从≤10°C升高到≥20°C，TOC 的去除率从 10%增加到 17%（中位数）。本综述表明，生物过滤可以成为一种有效的处理技术，从滤池进水去除一部分 BOM，并应进行优化以实现最大去除率。
