Institute of Medical Microbiology and Hygiene, Medical Center - University of Freiburg, Faculty of Medicine, 79104 Freiburg, Germany; BIOSS Centre for Biological Signalling Studies, University of Freiburg, 79104 Freiburg, Germany.
Microbes Infect. 2018 Oct-Nov;20(9-10):552-559. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2017.10.006. Epub 2017 Nov 4.
Apoptosis is one of the principal responses that human cells have at their disposal when faced with changes in their environment. Microbial infection is a massive challenge to a cell, and it is unsurprising that the apoptosis apparatus has been implicated in numerous infections. However, looking at the available data, the impression is one of bewildering complexity. Microbial proteins and other molecules that are often poorly understood interact, with uncertain specificity, with host cell components of varying function, triggering signalling pathways that are ambiguously linked to the apoptotic machinery. Accordingly, many pathogens have been found in different studies both to induce and to inhibit apoptosis. I will here try to present some of the principles of apoptosis and of infection, and to provide a viewpoint on the question how the two are linked. I will further give the reasons for my personal opinion that apoptosis-induction is in most infections beneficial to the host.
细胞凋亡是人类细胞在面临环境变化时所采取的主要应对方式之一。微生物感染对细胞来说是一个巨大的挑战，因此细胞凋亡机制在许多感染中被牵涉到也就不足为奇了。然而，从现有的数据来看，给人的印象是极其复杂的。微生物蛋白和其他通常不太了解的分子，与宿主细胞的各种功能成分相互作用，具有不确定的特异性，触发与凋亡机制模糊相关的信号通路。因此，在不同的研究中发现，许多病原体既可以诱导细胞凋亡，也可以抑制细胞凋亡。在这里，我将尝试介绍一些细胞凋亡和感染的原理，并提供一个关于两者如何联系的观点。我还将进一步说明我个人认为细胞凋亡诱导在大多数感染中对宿主有益的原因。
