Gottlieb N H, Hedl J J, Eriksen M P, Chan F
Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 1989 Feb 1;81(3):200-4. doi: 10.1093/jnci/81.3.200.
The present study examined the prevalence, correlates, and perceived impact of smoking policies among private employers and public agencies in Texas. An identical survey instrument was administered to two groups of Texas employers: a random sample of private industries and all state agencies (excluding universities). Response rates were 62% (n = 420) for private industries and 73% (n = 130) for public agencies. Fifty-two percent of state agencies and 53% of private employers reported having a smoking policy, with the majority of policies having been implemented since 1986. Concern about employees' health or comfort was the most important reason for implementing a policy for both state agencies and private employers. Both groups believed that implementation of a policy resulted in fewer complaints from employees and less smoking in the workplace but had less impact on productivity or morale. This study on the prevalence of smoking policies in the workplace is the first to document that the majority of surveyed employers have a restrictive smoking policy in place. In addition, this study found minimal differences in the prevalence, rationale, and perceived benefits of smoking policies between private employers and state agencies.
本研究调查了德克萨斯州私营雇主和公共机构吸烟政策的普及率、相关因素及感知影响。对两组德克萨斯州雇主使用了相同的调查问卷：一组是私营行业的随机样本，另一组是所有州政府机构（不包括大学）。私营行业的回复率为62%（n = 420），公共机构的回复率为73%（n = 130）。52%的州政府机构和53%的私营雇主报告称有吸烟政策，大多数政策自1986年以来已实施。对员工健康或舒适度的担忧是州政府机构和私营雇主实施政策的最重要原因。两组都认为，政策的实施减少了员工的投诉，减少了工作场所的吸烟行为，但对生产力或士气的影响较小。这项关于工作场所吸烟政策普及率的研究首次记录了大多数接受调查的雇主都制定了限制性吸烟政策。此外，本研究发现私营雇主和州政府机构在吸烟政策的普及率、理由和感知益处方面差异极小。
