Madani Seyed Ahmad, Arabkhazaeli Fatemeh, Shakeri Elyas, Nabian Sedigheh
a Department of Animal and Poultry Health and Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Tehran , Iran.
b Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine , University of Tehran , Iran.
Avian Pathol. 2018 Apr;47(2):206-212. doi: 10.1080/03079457.2017.1401213. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
Coccidian parasites, especially Isospora, are prevalent parasites in Passeriformes. Isosporan oocysts from common mynahs (Acridotheres tristis) are incompletely described. Detailed knowledge on biology, prevalence, pathogenesis and treatment of avian isosporiasis is scant. In this study, isosporan oocysts isolated from common mynahs were morphologically and molecularly characterized. The medication efficiencies of diclazuril and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim in isosporiasis in naturally infected mynahs were evaluated. Isosporan oocysts from common mynahs were described morphologically by microscopic imaging. The 18S rRNA and COI genes were amplified using PCR and the resultant products were sequenced and analysed phylogenetically. To evaluate the efficiencies of diclazuril and sulfadiazine-trimethoprim, two experimental treatment groups and a null control were assigned. General health status, weight and oocysts per gram of faeces were evaluated. Oocysts from all birds contained isosporan oocysts that were morphologically and dimensionally similar (P < 0.05). The oocysts were spherical; with no oocyst residuum, micropyle or polar granules. At both loci, phylogenetic analyses placed the Isospora isolate in the same clade with Isospora spp. from other Passeriformes. Both of the anticoccidials were well tolerated by the birds, a rapid reduction in oocyst excretion was noted at the commencement of treatment and 72 h after drug administration, oocyst excretion zeroed in all treated birds. Based on morphological and molecular data, this isolate does not resemble any previously described isosporas, hence Isospora tristum n. sp. is proposed for the current species. Both evaluated anticoccidials seemed to be efficient in reduction of oocyst production and can be recommended for the treatment of mynah isosporiasis.
球虫寄生虫，尤其是等孢球虫，是雀形目鸟类中普遍存在的寄生虫。关于家八哥（Acridotheres tristis）的等孢球虫卵囊的描述并不完整。关于禽等孢球虫病的生物学、流行情况、发病机制和治疗的详细知识很少。在本研究中，对从家八哥分离出的等孢球虫卵囊进行了形态学和分子特征分析。评估了地克珠利和磺胺嘧啶 - 甲氧苄啶对自然感染八哥等孢球虫病的治疗效果。通过显微镜成像对家八哥的等孢球虫卵囊进行形态学描述。使用聚合酶链反应（PCR）扩增18S rRNA和细胞色素氧化酶亚基I（COI）基因，并对所得产物进行测序和系统发育分析。为了评估地克珠利和磺胺嘧啶 - 甲氧苄啶的疗效，设立了两个实验治疗组和一个空白对照组。评估了一般健康状况、体重和每克粪便中的卵囊数。所有鸟类的卵囊中都含有形态和大小相似的等孢球虫卵囊（P < 0.05）。卵囊呈球形；没有卵囊残体、微孔或极粒。在两个基因位点，系统发育分析将该等孢球虫分离株与来自其他雀形目的等孢球虫属置于同一进化枝中。两种抗球虫药鸟类耐受性良好，在治疗开始时和给药72小时后，卵囊排泄量迅速减少，所有治疗的鸟类卵囊排泄量归零。基于形态学和分子数据，该分离株与任何先前描述的等孢球虫都不相似，因此提议将当前物种命名为家八哥等孢球虫（Isospora tristum n. sp.）。两种评估的抗球虫药似乎都能有效减少卵囊产生，可推荐用于治疗八哥等孢球虫病。
