Cesarik Marijan, Zavoreo Iris, Zadro-Matovina Lucija, Madžar Tomislav, Bašić Kes Vanja
Neurology Department, Požega General Hospital, Požega, Croatia
Clinical Department of Neurology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Center, Zagreb, Croatia
Acta Clin Croat. 2017 Mar;56(1):44-47. doi: 10.20471/acc.2017.56.01.07.
Migraine and tension type headache are the most common disabling primary headache disorders. Epidemiological studies have documented their high prevalence and high socioeconomic and personal impacts. According to recent data, migraine ranks as the third most prevalent disorder and seventh-highest specific cause of disability worldwide. Tension-type headache has lifetime prevalence in the general population ranging between 30% and 78% in different studies. According to the International Classification of Headache Disorders, 3rd edition, there also are many other headaches but their incidence in general population is lower than the previously mentioned headaches. Trigeminal nerve and upper cervical segments (C1-C3) are included in pain control of the head region and often evaluated in headache studies in order to improve differential diagnosis and headache treatment. In our study, we evaluated the potential role of electromyographic (EMG) blink reflex in establishing diagnosis of headache and evaluation of trigeminal nerve dysfunction as the possible underlying pathomorphological headache mechanism. Our study included 60 patients with different types of primary headaches and 30 control subjects. Statistical analysis was performed by use of χ2-test and statistical significance was set at p<0.001. Study results showed that patients with trigeminal dysfunction in EMG blink reflex had a 5.6-fold higher risk of developing headache in comparison to subjects with normal EMG blink reflex finding.
偏头痛和紧张型头痛是最常见的导致功能障碍的原发性头痛疾病。流行病学研究已证实其高患病率以及对社会经济和个人的重大影响。根据最新数据，偏头痛在全球范围内是第三大最普遍的疾病，也是导致残疾的第七大具体病因。不同研究表明，紧张型头痛在普通人群中的终生患病率在30%至78%之间。根据《国际头痛疾病分类》第三版，还有许多其他类型的头痛，但其在普通人群中的发病率低于上述头痛。三叉神经和上颈段（C1 - C3）参与头部区域的疼痛控制，并且在头痛研究中经常被评估，以改善鉴别诊断和头痛治疗。在我们的研究中，我们评估了肌电图（EMG）瞬目反射在头痛诊断以及评估三叉神经功能障碍作为潜在的病理形态学头痛机制方面的潜在作用。我们的研究纳入了60例不同类型的原发性头痛患者和30例对照受试者。采用χ²检验进行统计分析，设定统计学显著性为p<0.001。研究结果表明，与肌电图瞬目反射结果正常的受试者相比，肌电图瞬目反射存在三叉神经功能障碍的患者发生头痛的风险高5.6倍。
