Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
Environ Pollut. 2018 May;236:983-991. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.10.093. Epub 2017 Nov 6.
Traffic noise stresses and disturbs sleep. It has been associated with various diseases, and has recently also been associated with lifestyle. Hence, the association between traffic noise and disease could partly operate via a pathway of lifestyle habits, including smoking and alcohol intake.
We investigated associations between modelled residential traffic noise and smoking habits and alcohol consumption.
In a cohort of 57,053 participants, we performed cross-sectional analyses using data from a baseline questionnaire (1993-97), and longitudinal analyses of change between baseline and follow-up (2000-02). Smoking status (never, former, current) and intensity (tobacco, g/day) and alcohol consumption (g/day) was self-reported at baseline and follow-up. Address history from 1987-2002 for all participants were found in national registries, and road traffic and railway noise was modelled 1 and 5 years before enrolment, and from baseline to follow-up. Analyses were performed using logistic and linear regression, and adjusted for demographics, socioeconomic variables, leisure-time sports, and noise from the opposite source (road/railway).
Road traffic noise exposure 5 years before baseline was positively associated with alcohol consumption (adjusted difference per 10 dB: 1.38 g/day, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10-1.65), smoking intensity (adjusted difference per 10 dB: 0.40 g/day, 95% CI: 0.19-0.61), and odds for being a current vs. never/former smoker at baseline (odds ratio (OR): 1.14; 95% CI: 1.10-1.17). In longitudinal analyses, we found no association between road traffic noise and change in smoking and alcohol habits. Railway noise was not associated with smoking habits and alcohol consumption, neither in cross-sectional nor in longitudinal analyses.
The study suggests that long-term exposure to residential road traffic is associated with smoking habits and alcohol consumption, albeit only in cross-sectional, but not in longitudinal analyses.
交通噪音会给人们带来压力和干扰，影响睡眠。它与各种疾病有关，最近还与生活方式有关。因此，交通噪音与疾病之间的关联可能部分通过生活方式习惯的途径发挥作用，包括吸烟和饮酒。
我们研究了建模的居住交通噪声与吸烟习惯和饮酒之间的关系。
在一个 57053 名参与者的队列中，我们使用基线问卷（1993-97 年）的数据进行了横断面分析，并对基线和随访（2000-02 年）之间的变化进行了纵向分析。吸烟状况（从不、以前、现在）和强度（烟草、每天克数）以及饮酒量（每天克数）在基线和随访时进行了自我报告。所有参与者的地址历史记录从 1987 年至 2002 年在国家登记处找到，道路和铁路噪音在登记前 1 年和 5 年以及从基线到随访期间进行建模。分析使用逻辑回归和线性回归进行，调整了人口统计学、社会经济变量、休闲运动和相反来源（道路/铁路）的噪音。
基线前 5 年的道路交通噪声暴露与饮酒量呈正相关（每增加 10 分贝的调整差异：1.38 克/天，95%置信区间（CI）：1.10-1.65），吸烟强度（每增加 10 分贝的调整差异：0.40 克/天，95% CI：0.19-0.61），以及基线时现在吸烟者与从不/以前吸烟者的比值比（OR）：1.14；95% CI：1.10-1.17）。在纵向分析中，我们发现道路交通噪声与吸烟和饮酒习惯的变化之间没有关联。横断面和纵向分析均显示，铁路噪声与吸烟习惯和饮酒量无关。
该研究表明，长期暴露于居住道路交通噪声与吸烟习惯和饮酒量有关，尽管仅在横断面分析中，而不在纵向分析中。
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