Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
Danish Cancer Society Research Center, Strandboulevarden 49, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark; Department of Environmental Science, Aarhus University, Frederiksborgvej 399, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark.
Environ Res. 2018 Jan;160:292-297. doi: 10.1016/j.envres.2017.10.008. Epub 2017 Oct 15.
Road traffic noise exposure has been found associated with diabetes incidence. Evidence for an association between railway noise exposure is less clear, as large studies with detailed railway noise modelling are lacking.
To investigate the association between residential railway noise and diabetes incidence, and to repeat previous analyses on road traffic noise and diabetes with longer follow-up time.
Among 50,534 middle-aged Danes enrolled into the Diet, Cancer and Health cohort from 1993 to 97, we identified 5062 cases of incident diabetes during a median follow-up of 15.5 years. Present and historical residential addresses from 1987 to 2012 were found in national registries, and railway and road traffic noise (L) were modelled for all addresses, using the Nordic prediction method. We used Cox proportional hazard models to investigate the association between residential traffic noise over 1 and 5 years before diagnosis, and diabetes incidence. Hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated as crude and adjusted for potential confounders.
We found no association between railway noise exposure and diabetes incidence among the 9527 persons exposed, regardless of exposure time-window: HR 0.99 (0.94-1.04) per 10dB for 5-year exposure in fully adjusted models. There was no effect modification by sex, road traffic noise, and education. We confirmed the previously found association between road traffic noise exposure and diabetes including 6 additional years of follow-up: HR 1.08 (1.04-1.13) per 10dB for 5-year exposure in fully adjusted models.
The study does not suggest an association between residential railway noise exposure and diabetes incidence, but supports the finding of a direct association with residential road traffic noise.
道路交通噪声暴露已被发现与糖尿病发病率有关。铁路噪声暴露与糖尿病之间的关联证据不太明确，因为缺乏详细的铁路噪声建模的大型研究。
研究居住铁路噪声与糖尿病发病率之间的关系，并对先前关于道路交通噪声与糖尿病的分析进行重复，随访时间更长。
在 1993 年至 1997 年期间参加饮食、癌症和健康队列的 50534 名丹麦中年人中，我们在中位随访 15.5 年期间确定了 5062 例新发糖尿病病例。1987 年至 2012 年的当前和历史居住地址在国家登记处找到，使用北欧预测方法对所有地址进行铁路和道路交通噪声（L）建模。我们使用 Cox 比例风险模型调查了诊断前 1 年和 5 年的居住交通噪声与糖尿病发病率之间的关系。风险比（HR）作为粗值和调整潜在混杂因素后计算。
我们发现，在暴露于铁路噪声的 9527 人中，无论暴露时间窗口如何，铁路噪声暴露与糖尿病发病率之间均无关联：完全调整模型中，5 年暴露时每增加 10dB，HR 为 0.99（0.94-1.04）。性别、道路交通噪声和教育没有影响修饰作用。我们确认了先前发现的与道路交通噪声暴露有关的糖尿病的关联，包括 6 年的随访时间：完全调整模型中，5 年暴露时每增加 10dB，HR 为 1.08（1.04-1.13）。
该研究表明居住铁路噪声暴露与糖尿病发病率之间没有关联，但支持居住道路交通噪声与糖尿病之间存在直接关联的发现。
