Murphy Andrea Lynn, Hillier Katelyn, Ataya Randa, Thabet Pierre, Whelan Anne Marie, O'Reilly Claire, Gardner David
College of Pharmacy (Murphy, Hillier, Ataya, Thabet, Whelan), University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Can Pharm J (Ott). 2017 Oct 5;150(6):366-379. doi: 10.1177/1715163517733482. eCollection 2017 Nov-Dec.
Medications are commonly used in suicide attempts. Pharmacists are inextricably linked to medications and may have roles in helping those at risk of suicide. We conducted a scoping review to characterize the existing literature and make recommendations about future research.
We used a 6-step approach based on an existing scoping review methodological framework, including identifying the research question; identifying relevant studies and other literature; study and literature selection; data charting; collating, summarizing and reporting results; and dissemination of results. We searched electronic databases, various grey literature sources and mobile app stores.
Thirty-five articles were included following screening of 1013 database citations. Of 1085 results from grey literature searches, we included 12. Most publications were opinion pieces ( = 22), followed by survey studies ( = 9), primarily assessing pharmacists' knowledge and attitudes. Themes included education and training to impact knowledge and attitudes, gatekeeping of medication supply, collaboration and integration, and role perception. Public perspectives on pharmacists' roles were limited.
Research regarding pharmacists' roles in the care of people at risk for suicide is limited. The areas that have dominated the literature include legal liability, especially with respect to gatekeeping medications, ethical decision making and education and training. Research is needed to determine what methods, outcomes and measures are required to best serve in building the evidence base for policy and practice decisions in this area.
药物常用于自杀未遂事件。药剂师与药物有着千丝万缕的联系，在帮助那些有自杀风险的人方面可能发挥作用。我们进行了一项范围综述，以描述现有文献的特征，并对未来研究提出建议。
我们采用了一种基于现有范围综述方法框架的六步方法，包括确定研究问题；识别相关研究和其他文献；研究和文献选择；数据图表绘制；整理、总结和报告结果；以及结果传播。我们搜索了电子数据库、各种灰色文献来源和移动应用商店。
在筛选了1013条数据库引用后，纳入了35篇文章。在灰色文献搜索的1085个结果中，我们纳入了12篇。大多数出版物是观点文章（n = 22），其次是调查研究（n = 9），主要评估药剂师的知识和态度。主题包括影响知识和态度的教育与培训、药物供应把关、协作与整合以及角色认知。公众对药剂师角色的看法有限。
关于药剂师在照顾有自杀风险人群中作用的研究有限。文献中占主导地位的领域包括法律责任，特别是在药物把关方面、伦理决策以及教育与培训。需要开展研究以确定在该领域为政策和实践决策建立证据基础时，需要哪些方法、结果和措施。
