Macário Inês P E, Castro Bruno B, Nunes Maria I S, Pizarro Cristina, Coelho Carla, Gonçalves Fernando, de Figueiredo Daniela R
Department of Biology, University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
CESAM (Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies), University of Aveiro, 3810-193, Aveiro, Portugal.
Environ Monit Assess. 2017 Nov 9;189(12):620. doi: 10.1007/s10661-017-6292-9.
Climate change has been causing the increase in frequency, severity, and duration of harmful algal blooms, which makes the establishment of water management strategies indispensable. For cyanobacteria, several methods are currently used in monitoring programs. However, these methods are time-consuming and require specialists, and results are usually not provided within an adequate timeframe for taking timely mitigation actions. This work proposes a strategy for a faster, easier, and more cost-effective monitoring of cyanobacterial blooms, using a stepwise approach based on fluorometric determination of phycocyanin at an early stage. Complementary parameters (chlorophyll a, enumeration of dominant cyanobacterial species and cyanotoxin potential and quantification) are determined when necessary, thus progressively allocating human and financial resources within the monitoring program. This strategy was applied and validated using nine lentic eutrophic freshwater bodies prone to the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms. Samples were sequentially evaluated, and the study ended up with two samples that showed high health risks. However, according to WHO guidelines, eight of the nine samples would be classified as having "moderate risk of adverse health effects" and could lead to preventive measures that would have an important regional economic impact. Therefore, the present approach proved to be a promising alternative to increase the effectiveness and accuracy of the risk assessment process in water bodies where cyanobacterial blooms occur.
气候变化一直在导致有害藻华的频率、严重程度和持续时间增加，这使得制定水资源管理策略变得不可或缺。对于蓝藻，目前在监测项目中使用了几种方法。然而，这些方法耗时且需要专业人员，而且通常无法在足够的时间内提供结果以便及时采取缓解措施。这项工作提出了一种对蓝藻水华进行更快、更简便且更具成本效益的监测策略，该策略在早期基于藻蓝蛋白的荧光测定采用逐步方法。必要时测定补充参数（叶绿素a、优势蓝藻物种的计数以及蓝藻毒素潜力和定量），从而在监测项目中逐步分配人力和财力资源。该策略在九个易于发生蓝藻水华的富营养化静水淡水水体中进行了应用和验证。对样本进行了顺序评估，研究最终得到两个显示出高健康风险的样本。然而，根据世界卫生组织的指导方针，九个样本中的八个将被归类为具有“对健康产生不良影响的中度风险”，并可能导致具有重要区域经济影响的预防措施。因此，本方法被证明是一种有前景的替代方法，可提高发生蓝藻水华水体风险评估过程的有效性和准确性。
