Department of Psychology, University of Maryland, Biology/Psychology Building, Room 3123J, College Park, MD, 20742, USA.
Department of Psychology, DePaul University, 2219 N. Kenmore Ave., Chicago, IL, USA.
J Abnorm Child Psychol. 2018 Jul;46(5):1077-1088. doi: 10.1007/s10802-017-0360-z.
Depression is one of the most common mental health problems among U.S. adolescents, particularly among Latinos. Parent-child ratings of the presence and severity of child depressive symptoms show only low-to-moderate agreement. However, research has failed to examine discrepancies in populations with the highest levels of unmet need and little is known about patterns and predictors of parent-child agreement in ratings of depressive symptoms among ethnic minority families in community settings. Using a sample of 184 low-income, predominantly Latino, 5th through 7th grade students (63.6% female) at chronic risk for depression, this study utilized exploratory Latent Class Analysis (LCA) to uncover patterns of parent-child endorsement of core diagnostic depressive symptoms. Overall, children reported higher levels of core (i.e., depressed mood, anhedonia, irritability) and secondary (e.g., sleep disturbances) depressive symptoms relative to their parents. The three latent classes identified include a low endorsement and high agreement class (LH), high endorsement and high agreement class (HH), and high child endorsement and low agreement class (HCL). Multinomial regression models revealed that previous mental health service use and higher externalizing problems were associated with HH class membership, relative to HCL class membership. Findings provide evidence that a substantial number of children may have depressive symptoms that go undetected by their parents. Access to services among children at-risk for depression may be increased with psychoeducation to improve parental awareness and stigma reduction.
抑郁是美国青少年中最常见的心理健康问题之一，尤其是在拉丁裔青少年中。父母对孩子是否存在抑郁症状及其严重程度的评估显示，其一致性只有低到中等水平。然而，研究未能在需求未得到满足程度最高的人群中检查差异，并且对于在社区环境中少数民族家庭中父母对抑郁症状评估的一致性模式和预测因素知之甚少。本研究使用了一个样本，其中包括 184 名来自低收入家庭的、以拉丁裔为主的 5 至 7 年级学生（63.6%为女性），这些学生患有慢性抑郁症的风险较高，研究采用探索性潜在类别分析（LCA）来揭示父母对核心诊断抑郁症状的认可模式。总体而言，与父母相比，孩子报告了更高水平的核心（即情绪低落、快感缺失、易怒）和次要（例如，睡眠障碍）抑郁症状。确定的三个潜在类别包括低认可高一致类别（LH）、高认可高一致类别（HH）和高儿童认可低一致类别（HCL）。多项二项式回归模型表明，与 HCL 类别成员相比，以前的心理健康服务使用和更高的外化问题与 HH 类别成员相关。研究结果表明，相当多的孩子可能有未被父母发现的抑郁症状。为了增加对有患抑郁症风险的孩子的服务的可及性，可以通过心理健康教育来提高父母的认识并减轻污名。
