Faculty of Chemistry, University of Opole, Oleska 48, 45-052 Opole, Poland.
Independent Department of Biotechnology and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Natural and Technical Science, University of Opole, Kominka 6A, 45-035 Opole, Poland.
Molecules. 2017 Nov 10;22(11):1887. doi: 10.3390/molecules22111887.
This study addresses the chemical composition of some commercial essential oils (clove, juniper, oregano, and marjoram oils), as well as appropriate herbal extracts obtained in the process of cold maceration and their biological activity against selected strains: ATTC 25922, ATTC 10536, and 127 isolated from poultry waste. On the basis of the gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS) analysis, it was found that the commercial essential oils revealed considerable differences in terms of the composition and diversity of terpenes, terpenoids and sesquiterpenes as compared with the extracts obtained from plant material. The commercial clove, oregano, and marjoram oils showed antibacterial properties against all the tested strains of . However, these strains were not sensitive to essential oils obtained from the plant material in the process of maceration. The tested strains of show a high sensitivity, mainly against monoterpenes (-pinene, -pinene, ,,-terpinene, limonene) and some terpenoids (thymol, carvacrol). The commercial juniper oil contained mainly monoterpenes and monoterpenoids, while the extracts contained lower amounts of monoterpenes and high amounts of sesquiterpenes-the anti-microbiotic properties of the juniper herbal extract seem to be caused by the synergistic activity of mono- and sesquiterpenes.
本研究探讨了一些商业精油（丁香、杜松、牛至和马郁兰油）以及在冷浸过程中获得的适当草药提取物的化学成分，以及它们对从禽畜废物中分离出的选定菌株（ATTC 25922、ATTC 10536 和 127）的生物活性。通过气相色谱-质谱联用（GCMS）分析发现，与从植物材料中获得的提取物相比，商业精油在萜烯、萜类化合物和倍半萜烯的组成和多样性方面存在显著差异。商业丁香、牛至和马郁兰油对所有测试的 菌株均显示出抗菌特性。然而，这些菌株对在浸提过程中从植物材料中获得的精油没有敏感性。测试的 菌株对单萜烯（-蒎烯、-蒎烯、 、-松油烯、柠檬烯）和一些萜类化合物（百里酚、香芹酚）表现出高敏感性。商业杜松油主要含有单萜烯和单萜烯类化合物，而提取物中含有较少的单萜烯和较多的倍半萜烯-杜松草药提取物的抗微生物特性似乎是由单萜烯和倍半萜烯的协同作用引起的。
