Senica Mateja, Stampar Franci, Veberic Robert, Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja
Chair for Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana , Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Agric Food Chem. 2017 Dec 6;65(48):10621-10629. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b03408. Epub 2017 Nov 27.
In fruit production seeds are mostly regarded as waste, but for plants they represent a beginning of new life. Seeds accumulate toxic or health-beneficial compounds, and the elucidation of their metabolic profile is especially important to people who consume the entire fruit, including the seeds. The present research quantifies the levels of bioactive compounds (phenolics and cyanogenic glycosides (CGG)) in fruit seeds of 35 cultivars belonging to 6 different fruit species. High-performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrophotometry were used to detect and identify the studied compounds. Significant differences in the content of individual bioactive compounds as well as their groups were recorded (p < 0.05). For the first time neoamygdalin and prunasin were detected in a number of fruit cultivars. All fruit seeds, except pears, accumulated from 2- to 46-fold higher levels of CGG than phenolics. On average, seeds contained from 75.46 to 1648.14 μg/g phenolics and from 46.39 to 4374.31 μg/g CGG. The study also clarifies the new lethal dose for cyanogenic glycosides.
在水果生产中，种子大多被视为废弃物，但对植物而言，它们却是新生命的开端。种子会积累有毒或有益健康的化合物，对于食用包括种子在内的整个水果的人来说，阐明其代谢特征尤为重要。本研究对6种不同水果的35个品种的果实种子中的生物活性化合物（酚类和氰苷（CGG））水平进行了量化。采用高效液相色谱法和质谱分析法来检测和鉴定所研究的化合物。记录了各生物活性化合物及其类别含量的显著差异（p < 0.05）。首次在多个水果品种中检测到新杏仁苷和苦杏仁苷。除梨外，所有水果种子积累的氰苷水平比酚类高2至46倍。种子中酚类平均含量为75.46至1648.14μg/g，氰苷平均含量为46.39至4374.31μg/g。该研究还明确了氰苷的新致死剂量。
