Senica Mateja, Stampar Franci, Veberic Robert, Mikulic-Petkovsek Maja
Chair for Fruit Growing, Viticulture and Vegetable Growing, Department of Agronomy, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva 101, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
J Sci Food Agric. 2017 Jun;97(8):2623-2632. doi: 10.1002/jsfa.8085. Epub 2016 Nov 10.
Elderberry (Sambucus nigra L.) possesses high antioxidant activity and has been used to treat numerous medicinal disorders. In addition to their antioxidant properties, elderberry parts accumulate toxic cyanogenic glycosides (CGG). It has been proven that altitude influences the biosynthesis of many secondary metabolites. In the present study we investigated the change of phenolics and CGG in elder leaves, flowers, and berries induced by different altitudes and locations.
The data indicate that the accumulation of CGG and phenolics is affected by the altitude of the growing site. An increase of anthocyanin content was recorded in elder berries collected at higher elevations in both locations. Fruit collected at the foothills of location 2 contained 3343 µg g anthocyanins as opposed to fruit from the hilltop, which contained 7729 µg g . Elder berries contained the lowest levels of harmful CGG compared to other analysed plant parts. However, more cyanogenic glycosides were always present in plant parts collected at the hilltop. Accordingly, berries accumulated 0.11 µg g CGG at the foothills and 0.59 µg g CGG at the hilltop.
Elder berries and flowers collected at the foothill were characterised by the lowest levels of both beneficial (phenolics) and harmful compounds (CGG) and are suitable for moderate consumption. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry.
接骨木（黑接骨木）具有较高的抗氧化活性，已被用于治疗多种疾病。除了抗氧化特性外，接骨木的各个部位还积累了有毒的氰苷（CGG）。业已证明，海拔高度会影响许多次生代谢产物的生物合成。在本研究中，我们调查了不同海拔和地点对接骨木叶片、花朵和浆果中酚类物质和氰苷的影响。
数据表明，生长地点的海拔高度会影响氰苷和酚类物质的积累。在两个地点，较高海拔采集的接骨木浆果中花青素含量均有所增加。在地点2山麓采集的果实中花青素含量为3343μg/g，而山顶采集的果实中花青素含量为7729μg/g。与其他分析的植物部位相比，接骨木浆果中有害氰苷的含量最低。然而，山顶采集的植物部位中氰苷含量始终较高。因此，山麓采集的浆果中氰苷含量为0.11μg/g，山顶采集的浆果中氰苷含量为0.59μg/g。
山麓采集的接骨木浆果和花朵中有益化合物（酚类物质）和有害化合物（氰苷）的含量均最低，适合适量食用。©2016化学工业协会。
