Franco Marcelino Paulo Ricardo, da Silva Vinícius Luiz, Rodrigues Philippini Rafael, Von Zuben Cláudio José, Contiero Jonas, Dos Santos Júlio César, da Silva Silvio Silvério
Department of Biotechnology, Engineering School of Lorena, São Paulo University, Lorena, Brazil.
Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Biosciences Institute, São Paulo State University (Campus Rio Claro), Rio Claro, Brazil.
PLoS One. 2017 Nov 10;12(11):e0187125. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0187125. eCollection 2017.
Biosurfactants are microbial metabolites with possible applications in various industrial sectors that are considered ecofriendly molecules. In recent years, some studies identified these compounds as alternatives for the elimination of vectors of tropical diseases, such as Aedes aegypti. The major bottlenecks of biosurfactant industrial production have been the use of conventional raw materials that increase production costs as well as opportunistic or pathogenic bacteria, which restrict the application of these biomolecules. The present study shows the potential of hemicellulosic sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate as a raw material for the production of a crystalline glycolipidic BS by Scheffersomyces stipitis NRRL Y-7124, which resulted in an emulsifying index (EI24) of 70 ± 3.4% and a superficial tension of 52 ± 2.9 mN.m-1. Additionally, a possible new application of these compounds as biolarvicides, mainly against A. aegypti, was evaluated. At a concentration of 800 mg.L-1, the produced biosurfactant caused destruction to the larval exoskeletons 12 h after application and presented an letal concentration (LC50) of 660 mg.L-1. Thus, a new alternative for biosurfactant production using vegetal biomass as raw material within the concept of biorefineries was proposed, and the potential of the crystalline glycolipidic biosurfactant in larvicidal formulations against neglected tropical disease vectors was demonstrated.
生物表面活性剂是微生物代谢产物，在各个工业领域都有潜在应用，被认为是生态友好型分子。近年来，一些研究将这些化合物确定为消除热带病病媒（如埃及伊蚊）的替代品。生物表面活性剂工业生产的主要瓶颈在于使用会增加生产成本的传统原材料，以及机会致病菌或病原菌，这限制了这些生物分子的应用。本研究表明，半纤维素甘蔗渣水解物作为一种原材料，用于树干毕赤酵母NRRL Y - 7124生产结晶糖脂类生物表面活性剂的潜力，其乳化指数（EI24）为70±3.4%，表面张力为52±2.9 mN.m-1。此外，还评估了这些化合物作为生物杀幼虫剂的一种可能的新应用，主要针对埃及伊蚊。在浓度为800 mg.L-1时，所生产的生物表面活性剂在施用12小时后导致幼虫外骨骼破坏，半数致死浓度（LC50）为660 mg.L-1。因此，提出了一种在生物精炼概念下以植物生物质为原料生产生物表面活性剂的新替代方法，并证明了结晶糖脂类生物表面活性剂在针对被忽视热带病病媒的杀幼虫剂配方中的潜力。
