Nyuyki Clement Kufe, Ngufor George, Mbeh George, Mbanya Jean Claude
Medical Research Council/University of the Witwatersrand, Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Health of Populations in Transition (HoPiT) Research Group, Department of Medicine and Specialities, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, The University of Yaoundé 1, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2017 Nov 10;36(1):35. doi: 10.1186/s41043-017-0112-2.
Hypertension is a public health problem and the main contributor to cardiovascular mortality and morbidity. Little is known about hypertension among the minority, diverse and socially disadvantaged 23-24 million Fulani/Peul populations dispersed in West, Central and East Africa, undergoing a transition from traditional to transitional and modern lifestyle. This study describes age and gender variations in blood pressure and drivers of hypertension among rural Fulani population of Cameroon.
We analysed population-based cross-sectional data collected in 2013 by standard methods from 1337 Fulani/Peul aged ≥ 20 years. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure (SBP) ≥ 140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥ 90 mmHg or current use of anti-hypertensive medication. We elucidated the occurrence and drivers of hypertension by chi-square test, Student's t test and univariate and multivariable logistic regression models.
The prevalence of hypertension was 31.1% (men 36.5% and women 28.7%). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased with age. Older women suffered more from grades 1, 2 and 3 hypertension than older men. Old age, divorced/separated, never attended school, current/former smoker, family history (FH) of hypertension, diabetic, underweight and substantially increased risk from waist circumference were independently associated with hypertension. Insomnia and had 8-12 children were the only drivers of hypertension among men.
Prevalence of hypertension was high. Awareness and control were low. Hypertension prevalence increased with age and was more prevalent among men than women. Older women experienced severe hypertension more than older men. Culturally embedded interventions are warranted to curb the high burden of hypertension among the Fulani.
高血压是一个公共卫生问题，也是心血管疾病死亡率和发病率的主要促成因素。在分布于西非、中非和东非的2300万至2400万富拉尼/颇尔族人群中，对于高血压的了解甚少，这些人群正经历从传统生活方式向过渡性和现代生活方式的转变，且具有多样性和社会弱势地位。本研究描述了喀麦隆农村富拉尼人群中血压的年龄和性别差异以及高血压的驱动因素。
我们分析了2013年通过标准方法从1337名年龄≥20岁的富拉尼/颇尔族人中收集的基于人群的横断面数据。高血压定义为收缩压（SBP）≥140 mmHg和/或舒张压≥90 mmHg，或目前正在使用抗高血压药物。我们通过卡方检验、学生t检验以及单变量和多变量逻辑回归模型阐明了高血压的发生情况和驱动因素。
高血压患病率为31.1%（男性为36.5%，女性为28.7%）。收缩压和舒张压随年龄增长而升高。老年女性患1级、2级和3级高血压的情况比老年男性更严重。高龄、离婚/分居、从未上学、目前/曾经吸烟、高血压家族史（FH）、糖尿病、体重过轻以及腰围大幅增加是与高血压独立相关的因素。失眠和育有8至12个孩子是男性中高血压的唯一驱动因素。
高血压患病率很高。知晓率和控制率很低。高血压患病率随年龄增长而增加，男性比女性更普遍。老年女性比老年男性更容易患严重高血压。有必要采取基于文化的干预措施来遏制富拉尼人群中高血压的高负担。
