喀麦隆西部地区初级保健医生对心血管危险因素的认知及患病率：来自抗击心血管疾病西部地区认知倡议调查（WAIT-CVD）的见解
Cardiovascular risk factors awareness and prevalence among primary care physicians: an insight from the West region Awareness Initiative Survey to fight cardiovascular disease (WAIT-CVD) in Cameroon.
作者信息
Jingi Ahmadou M, Noubiap Jean Jacques N
机构信息
Department of Internal Medicine and Specialties, Faculty of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University of Yaoundé I, Yaoundé, Cameroon.
Department of Medicine, Groote Schuur Hospital, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
出版信息
BMC Res Notes. 2015 Dec 9;8:762. doi: 10.1186/s13104-015-1747-y.
BACKGROUND
Data on the frequency and awareness of cardiovascular risk factors in practicing doctors are lacking in Cameroon. This study reports on the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in primary care physicians (PCPs) at the forefront for the fight against chronic diseases, and the implications for cardiovascular disease prevention and management.
METHODS
We carried out a cross-sectional study in the west region of Cameroon. Participants were recruited from 111 PCPs who lived and worked in the region at the time of the study. Data were collected on designed questionnaires adapted from the WHO STEPS approach in two steps, and a nurse-led examination was performed.
RESULTS
Sixty five (65) consenting doctors, aged 39.1 (SD 8.9) years, with 45 (69.2 %) males, were included. Self-reported hypertension rate was 4.6 % (n = 3). The frequency of pre-hypertension was 21.5 % (n = 14) and of hypertension was 26.2 % (n = 17). Self-reported diabetes rate was 3.1 % (n = 2). The frequency of overweight was 46.2 % (n = 30), and obesity was 23.1 % (n = 15). Eight (12.3 %) participants were smokers, 25 (38.5 %) had excessive alcohol consumption (more than two drinks per day for men and one drink per day for women) and 54 (83.1 %) practiced physical exercise, although below the recommendations. Positive family history any CVD was reported in 52.4 % (39.4-65.1). Up to 35.4 % (23.9-48.2) have never done their lipid profile test. There was no difference in cardiovascular risk factors between males and females, except for systolic blood pressure (p < 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure (p = 0.002) that were higher in males. No significant difference was noted in the other risk profiles and the rate of awareness between sexes.
CONCLUSION
There are high prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors with low awareness among PCPs in the West region of Cameroon. This is alarming as doctors at the fore front for the fight against cardiovascular diseases are not aware of their own risk profile. There is need for more awareness programs targeting doctors so as to prevent a sick population with sick doctors.
背景
喀麦隆缺乏执业医生心血管危险因素的频率及知晓情况的数据。本研究报告了在抗击慢性病前沿的基层医疗医生（PCP）中心血管危险因素的患病率，以及对心血管疾病预防和管理的影响。
方法
我们在喀麦隆西部地区开展了一项横断面研究。研究对象从当时在该地区生活和工作的111名基层医疗医生中招募。通过两步法收集根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的“STEPS”方法设计的问卷数据，并由护士主导进行检查。
结果
纳入了65名同意参与的医生，年龄为39.1（标准差8.9）岁，其中男性45名（69.2%）。自我报告的高血压患病率为4.6%（n = 3）。高血压前期的频率为21.5%（n = 14），高血压为26.2%（n = 17）。自我报告的糖尿病患病率为3.1%（n = 2）。超重的频率为46.2%（n = 30），肥胖为23.1%（n = 15）。8名（12.3%）参与者吸烟，25名（38.5%）饮酒过量（男性每天超过两杯，女性每天超过一杯），54名（83.1%）进行体育锻炼，尽管未达到推荐水平。52.4%（39.4 - 65.1）报告有任何心血管疾病的阳性家族史。高达35.4%（23.9 - 48.2）的人从未进行过血脂检测。除收缩压（p < 0.001）和舒张压（p = 0.002）男性较高外，男性和女性在心血管危险因素方面没有差异。在其他风险特征和性别之间的知晓率方面未发现显著差异。
结论
喀麦隆西部地区基层医疗医生中心血管危险因素患病率高但知晓率低。这令人担忧，因为处于抗击心血管疾病前沿的医生并未意识到自身的风险状况。需要针对医生开展更多的宣传项目，以避免出现医生患病的患病群体。
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