Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Faculty of Psychology and Neuroscience, Maastricht University, The Netherlands.
Sleep Med Rev. 2018 Jun;39:187-194. doi: 10.1016/j.smrv.2017.10.002. Epub 2017 Oct 18.
Inadequate sleep is highly prevalent and known to decline both physical- and mental health. Literature suggests that altered functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis might underlie this association. This assumption is mainly based on changes in basal neuroendocrine activity and it is of equal importance to elucidate whether sleep may also influence HPA stress responsiveness. The present review provides a complete outline of recent human studies that have investigated how different aspects of sleep influence cortisol reactivity to laboratory stress. From the available data it can be concluded that both objective and subjective decrements in sleep quality potentiate the stress reactivity of the HPA axis. On the contrary, normal variations in sleep duration do not seem to influence cortisol stress responsiveness whereas excessive daytime sleepiness is associated with a blunting of the cortisol response. Given its well-established health consequences, sensitization of the HPA axis might well be a crucial component linking inadequate sleep to stress-related pathology.
睡眠不足非常普遍，已知会降低身心健康。文献表明，下丘-垂体-肾上腺 (HPA) 轴功能改变可能是这种关联的基础。这一假设主要基于基础神经内分泌活动的变化，同样重要的是要阐明睡眠是否也会影响 HPA 对压力的反应性。本综述提供了最近研究人类的综述，这些研究调查了睡眠的不同方面如何影响皮质醇对实验室压力的反应性。从现有数据可以得出结论，睡眠质量的客观和主观下降都会增强 HPA 轴的应激反应性。相反，睡眠时间的正常变化似乎不会影响皮质醇对压力的反应性，而白天嗜睡与皮质醇反应迟钝有关。鉴于其对健康的既定影响，HPA 轴的敏化很可能是将睡眠不足与应激相关病理联系起来的关键因素。
