Department of Internal Medicine, Northwell Health, 400 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Northwell Health, Center for Liver Diseases, 400 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA.
Clin Liver Dis. 2018 Feb;22(1):39-57. doi: 10.1016/j.cld.2017.08.008. Epub 2017 Oct 6.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease is emerging as the most common cause of chronic liver disease worldwide. This trend is, in part, secondary, to the growing incidence of obesity, type 2 diabetes, and metabolic syndrome. Other risk factors include age, gender, race/ethnicity, genetic predisposition, and polycystic ovarian disease. With the introduction of genome-wide association studies, genetic mutations contributing to inherited susceptibility to steatosis have been identified, which hold keys to future improvement in diagnosis and management. This article expands on the aforementioned risk factors and summarizes the current available data on genetic and environmental factors associated with this common entity.
非酒精性脂肪性肝病正在成为全球最常见的慢性肝病病因。这种趋势在一定程度上归因于肥胖症、2 型糖尿病和代谢综合征发病率的不断增加。其他危险因素包括年龄、性别、种族/民族、遗传易感性和多囊卵巢病。随着全基因组关联研究的引入，导致脂肪变性遗传易感性的基因突变已被确定，这为未来改善诊断和管理提供了关键。本文扩展了上述危险因素，并总结了与这种常见疾病相关的遗传和环境因素的现有数据。
