Hoffman D, Amorim J, DeClue A
The Comparative Internal Medicine Laboratory, University of Missouri College of Veterinary Medicine, Columbia, MO.
J Vet Intern Med. 2018 Jan;32(1):208-216. doi: 10.1111/jvim.14857. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
People with critical illness (CI) commonly develop various forms of immune dysfunction, however, there is limited information concerning immune dysfunction in dogs with CI.
The immune response in CI dogs differs from that of healthy dogs.
Immunologic variables were compared between 14 dogs with CI, defined as APPLE score of >20 points, admitted to the University of Missouri Veterinary Health Center Small Animal Clinic Intensive Care Unit and healthy controls (n = 15).
Cohort study evaluating constitutive and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated TNF-α, IL-6, and IL-10 production, phagocytosis of opsonized E. coli and respiratory burst capacity after opsonized E. coli or phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) stimulation, peripheral blood lymphocyte phenotype, and monocyte expressions of HLA-DR and TLR-4.
Lipopolysaccharide-stimulated leukocyte TNF-α (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 49, 49, 120; control, 655, 446, 1174 pg/mL; P = < 0.001), IL-6 (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 49, 49, 64; control, 100, 49, 166 pg/mL; P = 0.029), and IL-10 (CI, 49, 49, 56; control, 96, 49, 203 pg/mL; P = 0.014) production and both E. coli (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 60.5, 43, 88.5; control, 86.6, 81, 89.2%; P = 0.047) and PMA (CI, 40, 11.7, 70; control, 93, 83, 97.6%; P = < 0.001)-stimulated respiratory burst capacity significantly decreased in CI dogs. Percentage of monocytes expressing TLR-4 greater in the CI dogs (median, Q1, Q3; CI, 46.9, 24.3, 64.2; control, 16.4, 9.4, 26.2%; P = 0.005).
These findings suggest dogs with CI develop immune system alterations that result in reduced respiratory burst function and cytokine production despite upregulation of TLR-4.
危重病患者常出现各种形式的免疫功能障碍，然而，关于患有危重病的犬类免疫功能障碍的信息有限。
患有危重病的犬类的免疫反应与健康犬类不同。
对14只患有危重病（定义为急性生理与慢性健康状况评分系统[APPLE]得分>20分）并入住密苏里大学兽医学院小动物临床重症监护病房的犬类以及健康对照犬（n = 15）的免疫变量进行了比较。
进行队列研究，评估组成性和脂多糖（LPS）刺激后的肿瘤坏死因子-α（TNF-α）、白细胞介素-6（IL-6）和白细胞介素-10（IL-10）的产生，调理的大肠杆菌的吞噬作用以及调理的大肠杆菌或佛波酯12-肉豆蔻酸酯13-乙酸酯（PMA）刺激后的呼吸爆发能力、外周血淋巴细胞表型以及单核细胞人类白细胞抗原-DR（HLA-DR）和Toll样受体4（TLR-4）的表达。
脂多糖刺激的白细胞TNF-α（中位数，第一四分位数，第三四分位数；危重病犬，49，49，120；对照犬，655，446，1174 pg/mL；P = <0.001）、IL-6（中位数, 第一四分位数，第三四分位数；危重病犬，, 49，49，64；对照犬，100，49，166 pg/mL；P = 0.029）和IL-10（危重病犬，49，49，56；对照犬，96，49，203 pg/mL；P = 0.014）的产生以及大肠杆菌（中位数，第一四分位数，第三四分位数；危重病犬，60.5，43，88.5；对照犬，86.6，81，89.2%；P = 0.047）和PMA（危重病犬，40，11.7，70；对照犬，93，83，97.6%；P = <0.001）刺激后的呼吸爆发能力在患有危重病的犬类中均显著降低。表达TLR-4的单核细胞百分比在患有危重病的犬类中更高（中位数，第一四分位数，第三四分位数；危重病犬，46.9，24.3，64.2；对照犬，16.4，9.4，26.2%；P = 0.005）。
这些发现表明，患有危重病的犬类会出现免疫系统改变，尽管TLR-4上调，但仍会导致呼吸爆发功能和细胞因子产生减少。
